Concepts

A life-history trait that buffers marmots against climate change by allowing them to escape changes in climate and effectively expand their ecological niches

Ground squirrels metabolize fat reserves built up during previous foraging seasons, with high amounts of foraging ensuring enough fat storage levels for fitness and survival

The hypothesis that ageing is suspended during hibernation, whereby species engaging in torpor periodically suspend ageing and thus live longer than predicted based on body size alone

Duration that an animal remains concealed in a refuge after fleeing from a predator threat

Statistical technique to classify studied locations into groups based on measured variables such that similar locations are placed in the same group

Spatial gradient from hillslope to riparian zone representing changes in hydrology, geochemistry, and proximity to stream

Community assembly process where environmental conditions favor similar microbial communities, resulting in communities more similar than expected by chance

The tendency for similar individuals to associate and form ties, thus limiting their social worlds and altering the information they receive and the interactions they experience

Complex life cycle involving multiple spore stages that infect plant hosts in different families

The interaction between a host organism and its pathogen, where genes in the host that express resistance and genes in the pathogen that express virulence are highly specific and correspond to each ot...

Spatial extent of human habituation effects or the behavioral footprint of anthropogenic impacts

The convergent set of floral traits (red color, tubular morphology, dilute nectar) expected to evolve in flowers adapted for hummingbird pollination

A model suggesting that plant diversity peaks at intermediate productivity, is low at high productivity where few species dominate available resources, and is low at low productivity where few species...

Legal frameworks governing when, where, and how many game animals can be harvested including bag limits, possession limits, season length and timing, and area closures

Approach combining process-based physical models with empirical statistical relationships

Modeling approach that integrates machine learning with meteorological data, remote sensing, and either flux measurements or mechanistic model outputs

Areas of low velocity and reduced hydraulic stress that provide shelter for aquatic organisms from strong flow forces

Peaks and troughs in groundwater level time series representing maximum and minimum water levels

Water movement and chemistry dynamics that maintain fen ecosystems and support specialized plant communities

Water-related environmental factors including humidity, rainfall, snow cover, and soil moisture that affect disease transmission and host physiology

Spatial resolutions of the order of a few hundred meters, as defined in this work

Remote sensing technique using wavelengths from 400-1000 nanometers to capture spectral signatures

Mass of ice particles per unit volume of air, typically expressed in kg m⁻³

Ectoparasitoids whose eggs are oviposited outside of the host, often in enclosed environments, with host development ceasing upon parasitism via paralysis

Movement of individuals into a population from external sources

Reduction in immune system function often caused by parasites or stress

The hypothesis that observed declines in excretion rates over time are due to cessation of feeding rather than other factors

Hamilton's theory that fitness should be stripped of all components which can be considered as due to the individual's social environment, leaving the fitness he would express if not exposed to any of...

Years when VS cases are seen in states just a few months prior to outbreaks being recognized

The difference in days between an individual's peak bloom date and the population's peak bloom date at the site

Morphological defenses that are induced by the presence of predators, such as longer caudal filaments in mayflies exposed to fish predators