Concepts

Experimental technique using recorded sounds played back to animals to test behavioral or physiological responses to acoustic stimuli

Quantitative collection methods for invertebrates living on or in stream bottom substrates

Statistical phenomenon where predictor variables are correlated, potentially masking individual effects in regression analysis

Measurements spanning multiple spatial and temporal scales within a watershed

Statistical modeling approach using spectral reflectance measurements to extrapolate functional trait values

Observational studies that examine relationships between climate and ecosystem variables

Process of comparing model predictions with observed data to assess model performance

The process of determining which species are responsible for predation events through direct observation or evidence

Having more than one sample per individual that may bias results