Concepts

Sequencing approach combining DNA from multiple individuals in a single sequencing library to estimate population parameters

A framework that attempts to falsify conceptual hypotheses while accounting for measurement and prior uncertainty using Bayesian methods

Temperature coefficient measuring the rate of change of a biological process as a function of temperature

Comparison of divergence at neutral molecular markers (FST) to divergence at quantitative functional traits (QST) to determine whether natural selection or neutral genetic drift drives trait variation

Studies vibrational modes of molecules by looking at unique fingerprint from inelastically scattered light

A model based on the assumption that individuals within each species are randomly scattered over the plot or landscape

The latitudinal ranges of plants and animals are greater at higher compared to lower latitudes

Isotopic fractionation model used to quantify progressive sulfate reduction using fractionation factor α=1.030

A dimensionless ratio of fluid inertial to viscous forces that distinguishes between laminar and turbulent flow regimes

Theoretical framework describing continuous changes in stream characteristics from headwaters to mouth

Scanning electron microscope energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy for determining elemental composition and mineral identification

Interpretability method that quantifies the contribution of each feature to machine learning model predictions using game theory

A dimensionless ratio quantifying stream competence or a stream flow's capacity to mobilize bed particles of a given size

Advanced InSAR procedure combining independent subsets of interferograms to estimate displacement history using minimum-length solution of phase velocity

Association index calculated as the ratio of observations of individuals a and b seen together over the sum of observations of them seen together plus times seen separately

Two types of inelastic scattering - Stokes when molecule relaxes to higher energy level than started, anti-Stokes when starts in excited state and relaxes to lower energy

Functions that describe how water of different ages is selected for release from catchment storage

Tracer Additions for Spiraling Curve Characterization method for quantifying stream nutrient uptake using simultaneous tracer and nutrient injections

Spatial analysis technique creating influence zones around points based on proximity

Four categories of biological explanation: proximate causation, development, adaptive utility, and evolutionary history

Mean Conservation Concern Score for present species calculated by multiplying species abundance by Partners in Flight rankings

A theoretical model arguing that three social factors influence students' integration into the scientific community: scientific self-efficacy, scientific identity, and perceptions of alignment between...

Incorrectly concluding there is a species effect when the effect is actually due to lower-level genetic variation