Protocols

A standardized 1-5 scale classification system for assessing the physiological condition and damage level of willow branches containing sapsucker sap wells, ranging from fresh wells on healthy branche...

Visual assessment of butterfly age using wing condition on a standardized 1-5 scale with 0.5 gradations, from fresh (1) to heavily worn (5).

Measurement of forest canopy openness using densiometer readings in four cardinal directions from plot center, averaged and corrected to obtain percent overhead area not occupied by canopy.

Dating of rock glacier surfaces using measurements of lichen thalli diameters of Rhizocarpon species, applying established growth curves to estimate surface exposure ages.

Measurement of shrub canopy cover using line intercept technique along established transects with height measurements of nearest shrubs to sampling points.

Method for measuring thoracic and abdominal temperatures of flying insects before, during, and after controlled flight using hypodermic temperature probes and digital thermometers. Beetles placed on a...

Systematic measurement of paleocurrent directions from sedimentary structures using compass bearings, followed by statistical analysis to determine transport directions and consistency ratios.

Small uncrewed aircraft systems equipped with pyranometers, multispectral cameras, and radiometers to map spatial variability in surface albedo, vegetation indices, and soil moisture. Flights timed to...

Use of small unoccupied aircraft systems with thermal infrared cameras to identify groundwater discharge zones in stream corridors through temperature contrast detection. Real-time thermal data visual...

Standard stream gauging method dividing channel width into equal intervals and measuring depth and velocity at 60% of depth to calculate discharge using velocity-area method.

Standardized method for characterizing substrate particle size composition using systematic point sampling along predetermined transects.

Continuous monitoring of atmospheric black carbon and brown carbon mass loadings using a Magee Scientific aethalometer.

Collection of VSWIR field spectra at leaf- and mineral-levels using an Analytical Spectral Devices FieldSpec 3 spectroradiometer with contact probe and leaf clip attachments.

Remote sensing of atmospheric infrared radiances using Atmospheric Sounder Spectrometer by Infrared Spectral Technology (ASSIST) in wavenumber range 612-905.4 cm-1.

Uses ASTER thermal infrared data to identify areas of anomalous surface temperature. Areas with modeled temperatures between 1° and 2° above the mean are classified as weakly anomalous to anomalous.

Continuous measurements of surface energy budget, momentum flux, meteorology and soil properties using an atmospheric surface flux station. Data collected at 1-minute averages and 20 Hz resolution for...

Water level elevations obtained using barometric pressure from pressure transducers in wells, combined with TOC elevation and depth measurements.

Automated data collection and storage from pressure transducers using Campbell Instruments data loggers.

Endmember spectral measurements using contact probe attachment with internal bulb illumination for close-contact surface measurements.

Quantification of current velocity reduction by tidal marsh vegetation across distances from marsh edge.

Used optical instruments with lasers to measure size and fall speed of precipitation particles including raindrops, snowflakes, and hail.

CLAMPS2 Halo Streamline XR+ Doppler lidar directs beam to zenith for measurement of vertical velocity with range-resolved measurements of radial velocity, intensity and attenuated backscatter.

Temperature data collection from the base of the water column along the sediment interface using fiber-optic cable with 1.01 m spatial resolution.

Gravity measurements at ten stations using LaCoste and Romberg G-model relative gravimeter to map density variations.

Use of ground control points to associate calibration images and video to real-world distances and provide pixel ground scale distance for each video.

Assessment of growth and stem straightness traits in pine hybrids at ages 5, 8 and 15 years from planting.

Onset HOBO temperature/RH data loggers installed on tree branches taking half-hourly air temperature, relative humidity, and dewpoint measurements.

Placing aluminum foil squares around plant stems for 24 hours to collect and count honeydew droplets from digital images.

HVSR measurements acquired using three-component Tromino seismometers at non-inundated locations to identify resonance frequencies.

Field-portable infrared gas analysis using PP Systems EGM-5 IRGA unit for CO2 measurement.

ARM instrument system for measuring atmospheric parameters including pressure, temperature, humidity, and wind variables.

Ka-Band ARM Zenith RADAR system operating in general mode for atmospheric radiation measurement.

Measurement of leaf traits including nitrogen concentration, phosphorus concentration, specific leaf area, and tensile strength in African woody species.

Heating cycle to measure thermistor temperature response time for determining material interfaces.

Uses Modulair-PM (QuantAQ) sensors with nephelometer and optical particle counter (OPC) to measure mass concentrations of PM1, PM2.5, and PM10, along with particle size distributions from 0.35-40 micr...

Active 1D MASW test data collected to estimate 1D seismic shear-wave velocity structure at sites.

Upward-facing MFRSR measures downwelling irradiance through sequential observations reconstructed from irradiances during various shadowband positions.

Collection of multispectral data in tif format for analysis of beaver-impacted stream corridors.

Measuring precipitation (snow and rain) from May through July to quantify water content.

Site spectra collected with palm grip attachment using 8° field-of-view foreoptic with sun as illumination source.

Thermistor chain with 2 cm spacing configured for terrestrial snowpack to measure continuous snow temperature profiles. Chain installed suspended from tripod with heating cycles to measure temperature...

Continuous hourly monitoring of meteorological variables including wind, temperature, humidity, snowpack depth, and radiation components using tower-mounted instrumentation.

Conductivity measured with a Thermo Sci Orion DuraProbe 4-Electrode conductivity cell immediately after water extraction.

Temperature measured using a Digi-Sense Thermistor probe routed to the bottom of wells with 1-minute stabilization.

Rain measurements recorded via tipping bucket rain gauge, though may not be accurate for winter precipitation events like snow.

Soil moisture measurements using the Lobe Differencing Correlation Radiometer (LDCR) L-Band microwave radiometer flown on aerial platforms.

Collection of gage height values using U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging station methods. Data collected from station 09152500 during specified periods.

Records the UTM Y Coordinate for every pixel using the WGS84 UTM Zone 13N Coordinate System (EPSG:32613).

Use of Sonosite portable ultrasound machine to determine uterine litter sizes in late pregnancy for prairie dogs.

Uses WIBS-Neo (DMT) to detect fluorescent bioaerosol particles (0.5-30 microns) based on excitation at 280 nm and 370 nm with emission detection at 310-400 nm and 420-650 nm wavelengths. Classifies pa...