Mountain Snowpack, Water Flux, and Watershed Hydrology
Integrates field campaigns, remote sensing, and elevation-stratified modeling to understand how snowpack dynamics, evapotranspiration, and surface energy fluxes drive water availability across the upper Colorado River Basin.
Knowledge Graph (682 nodes, 6280 connections)
Research Primer
Background
Water in the American West begins as mountain snow. In the Gunnison Basin and across the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB), winter snowpack acts as a natural reservoir — storing precipitation for months and releasing it gradually through spring and summer melt to feed streams, meadows, aquifers, and downstream cities and farms. Understanding how snow accumulates, how much water it holds, how it moves through the atmosphere and soil, and how much is lost before it ever reaches a river is therefore central to the science of mountain hydrology. At the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory and the surrounding East River Watershed (ERW) near Crested Butte, researchers have built one of the most instrumented mountain laboratories in the world to answer these questions.
Several concepts recur throughout this research area. Snow water equivalent (SWE) is the depth of liquid water that would result if the snowpack melted — the single most important number for water supply forecasting. Surface albedo is the fraction of sunlight reflected by the ground; fresh snow reflects about 80–90%, while dust-darkened or bare ground reflects far less, which accelerates melt through a feedback called the snow albedo feedback. Sublimation is the direct conversion of snow to water vapor without melting — a loss term that can remove anywhere from 10% to 90% of snowfall depending on wind and weather. Evapotranspiration combines water evaporated from soil and transpired by plants, and it grows larger as temperatures warm.
To study these processes, scientists combine ground instruments (SNOTEL stations, eddy covariance towers, soil-moisture sensors), airborne lidar that maps snow depth across entire watersheds, radar and aerosol instruments that probe clouds overhead, and high-resolution numerical models that simulate the atmosphere, snowpack, and subsurface together. Complex terrain — the steep, variable topography of mountain valleys — creates strong local gradients in precipitation, wind, and temperature, so both observations and models must resolve very fine spatial scales. Aerosol–cloud interactions matter too: tiny airborne particles serve as cloud condensation nuclei and ice-nucleating particles, influencing how, where, and when precipitation falls.
Foundational work
Early community-driven efforts demonstrated the value of long-term, distributed observations in headwater catchments. A community-supported weather and soil-moisture network established across the Roaring Fork catchment between 2012 and 2020 collected soil moisture, temperature, humidity, and snow data across an elevational gradient from 1,800 to 3,680 meters, producing a publicly available record that directly supports water management and climate adaptation (Osenga et al., 2021). In parallel, retrospective analyses of operational water-supply forecasts across 28 points in the Colorado River Basin showed that April-through-July runoff predictions gain skill steadily through the forecast season, with Nash–Sutcliffe scores climbing from roughly 0.4 in January to 0.8 in May, and that forecast skill is overwhelmingly tied to accumulated seasonal precipitation rather than basin elevation (Harrison & Bales, 2015). Together these studies established two foundational ideas: distributed, long-term monitoring is essential, and the accuracy of water-supply prediction hinges on how well we measure and represent mountain precipitation and snowpack.
Key findings
A major thread of recent results concerns how the resolution and source of meteorological data shape hydrological predictions. Integrated watershed modeling in Coal Creek near Crested Butte showed that streamflow simulations are remarkably robust to spatial coarsening of forcing data — degrading only marginally when precipitation inputs were aggregated from 400 m to 4 km — but that distributed quantities like evapotranspiration, SWE, and groundwater respond much more sensitively to the choice of gridded forcing dataset (Chen et al., 2022). To address this, new downscaling products now deliver daily precipitation and temperature at 400 m resolution across the East–Taylor subbasin (Mital et al., 2022), and machine-learning frameworks that fuse lidar-derived snow maps with meteorological and satellite data can reconstruct SWE at unmapped times with substantially higher accuracy than standard operational products like SNODAS (Mital et al., 2022).
A second thread focuses on the atmospheric side of the water cycle. The Surface Atmosphere Integrated Field Laboratory (SAIL) campaign deployed a comprehensive observatory in the East River Watershed from 2021 to 2023 to measure precipitation, clouds, winds, aerosols, and radiation as benchmarks for predictive models (Feldman et al., 2023), and the parallel SPLASH campaign added five surface observing sites, airborne platforms, and remote sensors to better trace how mountain precipitation becomes streamflow (de Boer et al., 2023). Using these datasets, researchers quantified that clouds warm the snow-covered surface in winter (net cloud radiative forcing up to +34.7 W m⁻²) but cool it strongly in summer (down to −47.6 W m⁻²), with surface albedo controlling the sign of the effect (Rudisill et al., 2025). An intensive sublimation study with over 100 instruments on four towers demonstrated that blowing snow, stable boundary layers, and changing albedo together control how much snow vaporizes directly into the atmosphere — a loss that can claim a large fraction of seasonal snowfall (Lundquist et al., 2024).
A third thread evaluates how well high-resolution atmospheric models reproduce mountain precipitation. A 34-year regional climate simulation at 1-km resolution over the UCRB showed low cool-season bias (about 0.25%) against SNOTEL gauges but larger warm-season biases (around 10%), pointing to persistent challenges with summer convective rainfall (Rudisill et al., 2023). Sensitivity tests further revealed that choices of cloud microphysics parameterizations alter watershed-wide precipitation by only a few percent on average but by as much as 15% in some regions, with model SWE matching airborne lidar at 1-km resolution quite well (Pearson r ≈ 0.9) (Rudisill et al., 2024).
Current frontier
With 22 of the 23 publications in this area appearing since 2020, research has shifted decisively from building observational networks to exploiting the rich, co-located datasets those networks produce. Recent work uses SAIL and SPLASH data to dissect processes at ever finer scales: surface energy fluxes and meteorology across multiple snow seasons in the ERW (Cox et al., 2025), the spatial variability of aerosols across six mountain nodes of the SAIL-Net array (Gibson et al., 2025), long-term ice-nucleating particle records that link aerosols to cloud and precipitation formation (Creamean et al., 2025), and the unexpected early-morning reversal of up-valley winds driven by boundary-layer growth in the East River Valley (Adler et al., 2025). New radar techniques are probing the microphysics of mountain snowfall directly — characterizing riming, aggregation, and ice crystal growth in orographic turbulence (Kotsche et al., 2025)(Kotsche et al., 2026) and retrieving snowfall rate and ice water content from W-band radar (Maherndl et al., 2025). The emerging direction is clear: integrating atmospheric, surface, and subsurface observations with hyper-resolution models to build a seamless, process-level picture of mountain water from cloud to stream.
Open questions
Despite rapid progress, important uncertainties remain. How much snow is actually lost to sublimation across entire watersheds, and how will that fraction change as winters warm and wind patterns shift? Why do operational forecasts still struggle with mid-flow water years, and can new machine-learning and Bayesian approaches close that gap? How will dust deposition, declining snow albedo, and changing cloud cover jointly reshape the surface energy balance as the climate warms? Can kilometer-scale regional climate models be improved enough — particularly for summer convection and the North American Monsoon — to deliver trustworthy multi-decadal projections for water managers? And perhaps most fundamentally, how will the observed mismatch between precipitation, snowpack, and streamflow in the Upper Colorado River Basin evolve over the coming decades, and what does that mean for the communities, ecosystems, and economies that depend on Gothic's melting snow?
References
Adler, B., et al. (2025). The short life of upvalley wind in a high-altitude valley in the Colorado Rocky Mountains. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. →
Chen, X., Mital, U., Coon, E. T., Dwivedi, D., & Shuai, P. (2022). The effects of spatial and temporal resolution of gridded meteorological forcing on watershed hydrological responses. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences. →
Cox, C., et al. (2025). Observations of surface energy fluxes and meteorology in the seasonally snow-covered high-elevation East River watershed during SPLASH, 2021–2023. Earth System Science Data. →
Creamean, J. M., et al. (2025). Long-term measurements of ice nucleating particles at Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) sites worldwide. Earth System Science Data. →
de Boer, G., et al. (2023). Supporting advancement in weather and water prediction in the upper Colorado River Basin: The SPLASH campaign. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. →
Feldman, D. R., et al. (2023). The Surface Atmosphere Integrated Field Laboratory (SAIL) Campaign. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. →
Gibson, N., et al. (2025). Measurement report: An investigation of the spatiotemporal variability in aerosols in the mountainous terrain of the upper Colorado River basin using SAIL-Net. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. →
Harrison, B., & Bales, R. (2015). Skill Assessment of Water Supply Outlooks in the Colorado River Basin. Hydrology. →
Kotsche, L., et al. (2025). Investigating KDP signatures inside and below the dendritic growth layer with W-band Doppler radar and in situ snowfall camera. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. →
Kotsche, L., et al. (2026). Snow microphysical processes in orographic turbulence revealed by cloud radar and in situ snowfall camera observations. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. →
Lundquist, J. D., et al. (2024). Sublimation of Snow. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. →
Maherndl, N., et al. (2025). Riming-dependent snowfall rate and ice water content retrievals for W-band cloud radar. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. →
Mital, U., et al. (2022). Downscaled hyper-resolution (400 m) gridded datasets of daily precipitation and temperature (2008-2019) for East Taylor subbasin. Earth System Science Data Discussions. →
Mital, U., et al. (2022). Modeling Spatial Distribution of Snow Water Equivalent by Combining Meteorological and Satellite Data with Lidar Maps. Artificial Intelligence for the Earth Systems. →
Osenga, E., et al. (2021). A community-supported weather and soil moisture monitoring database of the Roaring Fork catchment of the Colorado River Headwaters. Hydrological Processes. →
Rudisill, W., et al. (2023). Evaluating 3 decades of precipitation in the Upper Colorado River basin from a high-resolution regional climate model. Geoscientific Model Development. →
Rudisill, W., et al. (2024). Cold-season precipitation sensitivity to microphysical parameterizations: hydrologic evaluations leveraging snow lidar datasets. Journal of Hydrometeorology. →
Rudisill, W., et al. (2025). Seasonality and albedo dependence of cloud radiative forcing in the Upper Colorado River Basin. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. →
Concept (115) →
snowpack persistence
Duration that snowpack remains on the ground providing water inputs to trees
leaf water content
Fresh weight minus dry weight divided by dry weight
evapotranspiration
The combined process of water evaporation from soil and plant surfaces and water transpiration from plant leaves, representing a major component of th...
precipitation
snow water equivalent
The depth of water that would result from melting the snowpack, quantified as peak snow water equivalent and snow disappearance rate
fractional snow cover area
Proportion of area covered by snow
environmental variability
Temporal variation in environmental conditions measured as standard deviation of temperature and vegetation indices
spatiotemporal variability
Variations in aerosol concentrations and properties across both spatial scales and temporal scales
radiative transfer modeling
Computational approach to calculate radiation fluxes through the atmosphere under specified atmospheric conditions
sensible heat flux
Show 105 more concepts
spectral reflectance
Light absorption and reflection properties of tissues that vary with chemical composition and structure
surface albedo
The fraction of solar radiation reflected by the surface, with snow-covered surfaces having high albedo (0.8) and snow-free surfaces having lower valu...
aerosol particle concentration
sublimation
latitudinal gradient
particle size distribution
Statistical distribution describing the number concentration of particles as a function of their size
advective flow
atmospheric boundary layer
The lowest part of the atmosphere directly influenced by the Earth's surface
atmospheric reanalysis
aerosol-cloud interactions
The role of atmospheric aerosols in cloud formation and precipitation by acting as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and ice-nucleating particles (INPs)
dust transport
uncertainty estimation
monsoon streamflow generation efficiency
The ratio of streamflow produced per unit of monsoon precipitation input compared to other seasonal water sources
correlation coefficient
meadow moisture gradient
Variation in soil moisture conditions creating distinct dry and wet meadow habitat types
snow microphysics
Physical processes affecting snow particle formation, growth, and characteristics including aggregation, riming, sublimation, and fragmentation
forecast skill
The accuracy of predicted values using root mean square error to assess model performance
surface energy balance
The balance of vertical radiative, conductive, and turbulent energy transfer across the infinitely thin plane of the surface
vertical velocity
Cloud Radiative Forcing
The difference between net radiation flux at the surface under all-sky and clear-sky conditions, accounting for both downwelling and upwelling radiati...
spatial patterns
orographic turbulence
SWE
cloud base height
turbulent heat flux
Transfer of sensible and latent heat between surface and atmosphere via turbulent mixing
orographic turbulence
Atmospheric turbulence generated by airflow over mountainous terrain leading to enhanced mixing and modified precipitation processes
cloud phase
Classification of cloud particles as liquid water droplets, ice crystals, or mixed phase
diel patterns
Daily activity patterns and rhythms in organism behavior
North American Monsoon
Seasonal precipitation system occurring July-September in the central Rocky Mountains bringing significant rainfall to Colorado River headwater basins
conductive heat flux
Heat transfer through soil via molecular conduction
turbulence
collection efficiency
cloud optical thickness
Measure of cloud opacity to solar radiation, related to cloud droplet concentration and size distribution
synoptic conditions
Large-scale atmospheric weather patterns that influence regional temperature and precipitation distributions
model performance evaluation
Statistical assessment of how well model outputs match observational data using metrics like correlation and efficiency measures
radar reflectivity (Ze)
eddy covariance
Methodology for measuring turbulent fluxes using high-frequency measurements of vertical wind velocity and scalar concentrations
normalized difference snow index
Spectral band ratio that leverages the fact that snow reflectance is high in visible wavelengths and low in shortwave infrared wavelengths
feature importance
Measure of the relative contribution of each predictor variable obtained by calculating mean decrease in mean square error
surface pressure
ensemble learning
Machine learning approach that combines multiple algorithms to improve predictive performance and robustness
moist convection
surface roughness length
attenuated backscatter coefficient
polarimetric radar
Radar systems that transmit and receive both horizontal and vertical polarizations to characterize particle shape, orientation, and microphysical prop...
microtopographic controls
aerosol composition
enhancement factor
downscaling approach
riming
depth distributions
extreme climatic events
Meteorological events that are rare for a particular place or time of year and can have major ecological impacts
viewing azimuth angle
spectral width
mass balance
climate downscaling
Process of using large-scale climate model outputs to generate local or regional scale climate projections
mean Doppler velocity
gauge undercatch
snow albedo feedback
The positive feedback mechanism where reduced snow cover lowers surface albedo, increasing absorption and further reducing snow cover
aging
specific differential phase shift
functional zonation
mountain meteorology
Richards equation
Mathematical equation describing water flow in partially saturated soils by relating volumetric soil water content to constitutive relations
fSCA
biological INPs
hyper-resolution modeling
High spatial resolution climate modeling at sub-kilometer scales for hydrological applications
supersaturation
hygroscopicity parameter
Parameter describing the water uptake ability of aerosol particles using κ-Köhler theory
Wegener-Bergeron-Findeisen process (WBF)
cold-air drainage
eddy dissipation rate
Rate at which turbulent kinetic energy is converted to heat, used as quantitative measure of atmospheric turbulence intensity
Köppen climate classes
photooxidation
AE
Budyko framework
A theoretical framework relating long-term evapotranspiration to water availability and atmospheric evaporative demand
Ångström exponent
radar beam overlap
Spatial intersection of radar beams from different systems enabling measurement comparison
oceanic teleconnections
aggregation
Monin-Obukhov stability parameter
NDSI
spatiotemporal transferability
Ability of models to predict across different spatial domains and time points using information from multiple locations and times
temporal synthesis
Integration of time-series data across different temporal resolutions and scales
PWV
orbital parameters
percent bias
sensor integration
new-particle formation
streamflow deficit
The difference between observed streamflow and expected or baseline streamflow, representing water shortage
linear depolarization ratio
CRF
Bayesian inference
Statistical approach using prior distributions and likelihood functions to make probabilistic inferences about model parameters
Budyko framework
Bayesian retrieval
Statistical approach using prior information and measurement uncertainties to optimally estimate atmospheric properties
surface hoar
complex terrain
Mountainous regions with significant topographic variability that influences weather and climate processes
correlation lengths
latitude
snow sublimation
Direct transition of snow from solid to vapor phase, important for water balance in mountain watersheds
quantitative precipitation estimate
Estimates of precipitation amount derived from radar and other observational data
CBH
fractional sky cover
mean
thermal inertia
Protocol (38) →
SNOTEL and cooperative observer networks
Comprehensive deployment of precipitation, atmospheric, and surface energy budget sensors across elevation and topographic gradients in complex terrai...
Multiscale Model to Model Cloud Compare method
Integration of ground-based GPR, manual measurements, and airborne sensors for comprehensive snow property mapping. Combines high-precision point meas...
Elevation-stratified mountain watershed hydrological modeling
Hydrological modeling approach that stratifies mountain watersheds by elevation zones to quantify water budget components and assess climate change im...
Precipitation-Modeling Runoff System
Daily water and energy budget modeling at 100-m grid resolution using the US Geological Survey Precipitation-Modeling Runoff System (PRMS) with climat...
EDR from Doppler radar
Novel framework using collocated slanted W-band and vertical Ka-band radars to isolate microphysical processes within turbulent layers by comparing ra...
Atmospheric surface flux measurements
Continuous measurements of surface energy budget, momentum flux, meteorology and soil properties using an atmospheric surface flux station. Data colle...
VISSS snowfall particle analysis
Video In Situ Snowfall Sensor measurements providing particle size distributions, complexity, and fall velocity measurements to validate radar-derived...
Weather Research and Forecasting Model
High-resolution Weather Research and Forecasting model simulations using different microphysical parameterizations to assess precipitation sensitivity...
Multivariate clustering analysis
Applies multiple clustering algorithms (K-means, hierarchical clustering, Gaussian mixture models) to hillslope feature vectors to identify watershed ...
Community Land Model (CLM)
Used Community Land Model to simulate evapotranspiration components at high spatiotemporal resolution over a mountainous watershed with detailed soil ...
Show 28 more protocols
Tethered balloon vertical profiling
Tethered balloon system flights carrying aerosol instruments vertically through the atmospheric column to generate profiles of particle concentrations...
Multi-model PlanetScope snow cover classification
Machine learning approach for snow cover mapping using PlanetScope imagery with multiple model configurations incorporating spectral, topographic, and...
ARM INP filter sampling and Ice Nucleation Spectrometer analysis
Standardized filter-based sampling of atmospheric aerosols followed by immersion freezing analysis using the Ice Nucleation Spectrometer to quantify i...
Multi-dataset precipitation comparison and validation
Systematic comparison of modeled precipitation against station observations and multiple gridded datasets using percent error calculations and spatial...
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program
Comprehensive ground-based cloud property retrieval using Ka-band radar for cloud boundaries, multifilter radiometry and sun photometry for optical th...
TROPoe
Retrieval of vertical temperature and water vapor profiles using infrared spectroscopy with optimal estimation physical retrieval method. Provides hig...
ASSIST infrared spectroscopy
Remote sensing of atmospheric infrared radiances using Atmospheric Sounder Spectrometer by Infrared Spectral Technology (ASSIST) in wavenumber range 6...
Cold-air pooling mapping algorithm
Python implementation of algorithm from Lundquist et al., 2008, applied to digital elevation models to classify cold-air pooling areas using terrain a...
Sensor data filtering
Data ranges for each sensor type were filtered based on a combination of sensor specifications and assumed reasonable values.
BSNE dust sampler network monitoring
Long-term monitoring using Big Springs Number Eight dust samplers to measure seasonally accumulated horizontal sediment flux. Sample collections rangi...
Empirical Orthogonal Function Analysis
EOF analysis applied to temperature deviations from 600 hPa free-air temperature to identify dominant spatial patterns of surface temperature variabil...
Climate Forcing with Temperature Lapse Rates
Climate forcing using minimum and maximum daily temperature lapse rates defined by Snow Telemetry stations adjusted for aspect.
Portable Optical Particle Spectrometer
Portable Optical Particle Spectrometer (POPS) measurements of light scattering by particles passing through a laser beam to determine particle size di...
Elevation gradient snowmelt manipulation experiment
Five sites established along an elevation gradient from 2774m to 3597m with experimental early snowmelt manipulation using paired control and treatmen...
multiple linear regression
Regression analysis applied to simulated water table declines across nested catchments to identify relationships between topographic characteristics, ...
Plot sampling for aeolian processes
Field sampling using plot-based methods to assess time series data of aeolian sediment collections across varying climates, vegetation cover, and land...
Snow Ice Mass Balance Apparatus (SIMBA)
Thermistor chain with 2 cm spacing configured for terrestrial snowpack to measure continuous snow temperature profiles. Chain installed suspended from...
Multifilter Rotating Shadowband Radiometer measurements
Upward-facing MFRSR measures downwelling irradiance through sequential observations reconstructed from irradiances during various shadowband positions...
Laboratory lamp calibrations
Instrument responsivity calibrations performed using laboratory lamp calibrations for the MFRSR and in-field side-by-side calibration for the MFR.
Dual-polarization X-band radar precipitation monitoring
High-resolution scanning X-band radar system providing detailed precipitation measurements with dual-polarization capability. Performs volume scans an...
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program
Continuous measurement of aerosol optical properties and cloud condensation nuclei concentrations using standardized ARM instrumentation across multip...
Gravimetric water content determination
Fresh plant tissue is collected during peak hydration, weighed fresh, dried at controlled temperature, then reweighed to calculate water content as th...
SUMMA modeling with downscaled CMIP6 forcings
SUMMA model simulation using downscaled forcings from the WUS-D3 dataset of downscaled CMIP6 GCMS for surface hoar study.
SAIL-Net distributed aerosol monitoring network
A distributed network of six ground-based aerosol measurement stations spanning elevational gradients in mountainous terrain to characterize spatiotem...
CCNC supersaturation interpolation
Three-step process to harmonize cloud condensation nuclei measurements across different instrument supersaturation settings using polynomial interpola...
Petrophysical relationship analysis
Derivation of hydraulic permeability and porosity from ERT data through petrophysical relationships for model parameterization.
Snow zone delineation through time-lapse photography
Weekly photography from fixed viewpoints to map snowmelt progression and delineate zones with different snow-free periods. Contours drawn on detailed ...
High Spectral Resolution Lidar
High spectral resolution lidar measurement of aerosol backscatter profiles to detect aerosol layer boundaries and depth. Uses Haar Wavelet transform g...
Place (39) →
Show 29 more places
Schofield station
East River catchment
East/Taylor Watersheds
S2 site
ASI
ENA
M1 site
Sierras de Córdoba
Jungfraujoch
Avery Picnic site
Kettle Ponds
TBS
MOS
Sleepers River
Tuolumne River Basin
Schofield SNOTEL site
East Taylor subbasin
Butte station
Dirty Devil
HOU
Colorado Headwaters
Tuolumne watershed
Colorado River watershed
Upper East River CO Watersheds
Rustler Gulch
GT
Arctic Ocean
Monterey
SAIL site
Publication (23) →
The Surface Atmosphere Integrated Field Laboratory (SAIL) Campaign
Supporting advancement in weather and water prediction in the upper Colorado River Basin: The SPLASH campaign
Observations of surface energy fluxes and meteorology in the seasonally snow-covered high-elevation East River watershed during SPLASH, 2021–2023
Evaluating 3 decades of precipitation in the Upper Colorado River basin from a high-resolution regional climate model
Cold-season precipitation sensitivity to microphysical parameterizations: hydrologic evaluations leveraging snow lidar datasets
Modeling Spatial Distribution of Snow Water Equivalent by Combining Meteorological and Satellite Data with Lidar Maps
The short life of upvalley wind in a high-altitude valley in the Colorado Rocky Mountains
The effects of spatial and temporal resolution of gridded meteorological forcing on watershed hydrological responses
Seasonality and albedo dependence of cloud radiative forcing in the Upper Colorado River Basin
Long-term measurements of ice nucleating particles at Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) sites worldwide
Show 13 more publications
Measurement report: An investigation of the spatiotemporal variability in aerosols in the mountainous terrain of the upper Colorado River basin using SAIL-Net
Harmonized aerosol size distribution, cloud condensation nuclei, chemistry and optical properties at 10 sites
Investigating KDP signatures inside and below the dendritic growth layer with W-band Doppler radar and in situ snowfall camera
Downscaled hyper-resolution (400 m) gridded datasets of daily precipitation and temperature (2008-2019) for East Taylor subbasin (western United States)
Snow microphysical processes in orographic turbulence revealed by cloud radar and in situ snowfall camera observations
Interpretable ensemble learning unveils main aerosol optical properties in predicting cloud condensation nuclei number concentration
Impact of Crosstalk on Reflectivity and Doppler Measurements for the WIVERN Polarization Diversity Doppler Radar
Evaluation of cloud height, optical thickness, and phase retrievals from the CHROMA algorithm applied to Sentinel-3 OLCI data
Riming-dependent snowfall rate and ice water content retrievals for W-band cloud radar
Sublimation of Snow
An Extreme Number of Sensors in One Spot
Skill Assessment of Water Supply Outlooks in the Colorado River Basin
A <scp>community‐supported</scp> weather and soil moisture monitoring database of the Roaring Fork catchment of the Colorado River Headwaters
Dataset (132) →
Atmospheric Surface Flux Station #50 measurements (level 1 Raw), Study of Precipitation, the Lower Atmosphere and Surface for Hydrometeorology (SPLASH), October 2021-June 2023
Raw (Level 1) measurements from the Atmospheric Surface Flux Station #50 (ASFS-50) deployed at the Avery Picnic site (38°58.3455' N, 106°59.8113' W) d...
Atmospheric Surface Flux Station #30 measurements (level 1 Raw), Study of Precipitation, the Lower Atmosphere and Surface for Hydrometeorology (SPLASH), September 2021-July 2023
Raw (Level 1) measurements from the Atmospheric Surface Flux Station #30 (ASFS-30) deployed at the Kettle Ponds Annex site (38°56.3686' N, 106°58.1781...
Data-model files associated with the manuscript "The Effects of Spatial and Temporal Resolution of Gridded Meteorological Forcing on Watershed Hydrological Responses"
This data package contains the model inputs and outputs used in "The Effects of Spatial and Temporal Resolution of Gridded Meteorological Forcing on W...
NOAA PSL thermodynamic profiles retrieved from ASSIST infrared radiances with the optimal estimation physical retrieval TROPoe during SPLASH
This dataset contains daily files with thermodynamic profiles retrieved with the optimal estimation physical retrieval TROPoe (TROPoe, Turner and Löhn...
BST/NOAA PSL Level 3 UAS Soil Moisture, Digital Elevation, Normalized Difference Vegetative Index, and Surface Temperature for SPLASH
This dataset contains uncrewed aircraft systems (UAS) high-resolution data of soil moisture at the 0-5 cm soil depth, normalized difference vegetation...
NOAA PSL Soil Moisture and Surface Temperature Probe Data for SPLASH
This dataset contains measurements from a hand-held FieldScout TDR Soil Moisture Meter within the 0-10 cm soil depth of: Time (UTC), GPS locations, El...
Dynamically Downscaled (WRF) 1km, Hourly Meteorological Conditions 1987-2020. East/Taylor Watersheds.
This dataset contains meteorological output from the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) version 3.8.1. This dataset has been created to 1) investi...
BST/NOAA PSL Level 2 UAS Soil Moisture, Digital Elevation, Normalized Difference Vegetative Index, and Surface Temperature for SPLASH
This dataset contains uncrewed aircraft systems (UAS) high-resolution data of soil moisture at the 0-5 cm soil depth, normalized difference vegetation...
Seasonal Precipitation Classification during Surface Atmosphere Integrated Field Laboratory Campaign
The Surface Atmosphere Integrated Field Laboratory (SAIL) campaign, conducted from September 2021 to June 2023 in Crested Butte, Colorado, aimed to ch...
Leipzig University W-Band Cloud Radar, Gothic (Colorado), SAIL Campaign Second Winter (15.11.2022 - 05.06.2023)
The instrument is a polarimetric W-Band simultaneous transmission simultaneous reception (STSR) Doppler Cloud Radar manufactured by Radiometer Physics...
Show 122 more datasets
Temperature, Humidity, and Time-Lapse Video Data from the East River Watershed, Water Year 2024
This dataset contains timelapse videos and distributed measurements of air temperature, relative humidity, dewpoint, and soil temperature across the E...
Cold-Air Pooling Maps for Colorado (100 m) and the East River Watershed Region (30 m)
Cold-air pooling (CAP) mapped across Colorado at 100m resolution and the region surrounding the East River watershed, CO at 30m resolution. Classifica...
Shifts in water availability mediate plant-pollinator interactions
Altered precipitation patterns associated with anthropogenic climate change are expected to have many effects on plants and insect pollinators, but it...
NOAA GML and CIRES/Uni. of Colorado-Boulder Ceilometer Cloud Data Products at Kettle Ponds (CKP) for SPLASH
Cloud base height / vertical visibility and attenuated backscatter coefficient profiles from NOAA GML's Vaisala CL51 ceilometer deployed at Kettle Pon...
HEC-HMS models of major rainfall induced floods in ungauged mountain basins of Colorado
This dataset includes the models used in the journal article entitled, "Parameter Estimation for Models of Major Rainfall Induced Floods in Ungauged M...
NOAA PSL CL31 Ceilometer Backscatter and Cloud Base Height Data for SPLASH
This dataset contains daily files from a CL31 ceilometer manufactured by Vaisala that was deployed at Roaring Judy in the East River Watershed in Colo...
Continuous snow temperature profiles from the Snow Ice Mass Balance Apparatus (SIMBA) (level 1 Raw), Study of Precipitation, the Lower Atmosphere and Surface for Hydrometeorology (SPLASH), November 2022-June 2023
Raw (Level 1) measurements from the Snow Ice Mass Balance Apparatus (SIMBA) deployed at the Avery Picnic site (~ 38°58.345' N, 106°59.811' W) during t...
Hydrologic Model Files (PRMS) for Historical Conditions in the East River Watershed, Colorado between 1987-2019
The data package contains model input and output file for the East River watershed (85 km2) located in the headwaters of the Colorado River. The model...
Hydrologic Model Files (PRMS) for Historical Conditions in the East River Watershed, Colorado between 1987-2019
The data package contains model input and output file for the East River watershed (85 km2) located in the headwaters of the Colorado River. The model...
SOS: Terrestrial Scanning Lidar L1 Upwind East Tower Raw Point Clouds. Version 1.0
Raw point clouds from the terrestrial scanning lidar #1 (L1) that was deployed on the upwind east flux tower near Crested Butte, Colorado for the SOS ...
SAIL-Net POPS Data Fall 2021 - Summer 2023
SAIL-Net was a DOE funded project in the East River Watershed near Crested Butte, Colorado with the goal of advancing our understanding of aerosol-clo...
SPLASH Field Study; Snow-level Radar FMCW Moments at Kettle Ponds, Colorado, 2021-09-29 to 2023-09-06 (NCEI Accession 0289123)
From fall 2021 through summer 2023, NOAA and research partners conducted a field study (SPLASH - the Study of Precipitation, the Lower Atmosphere and ...
HEC-HMS models of major rainfall induced floods in ungauged mountain basins of Colorado
This dataset includes the models used in the journal article entitled, "Parameter Estimation for Models of Major Rainfall Induced Floods in Ungauged M...
SPLASH Field Study; NOAA PSL thermodynamic profiles retrieved from ASSIST infrared radiances with the optimal estimation physical retrieval TROPoe (NCEI Accession 0303808)
This dataset contains daily files with thermodynamic profiles retrieved with the optimal estimation physical retrieval TROPoe (TROPoe, Turner and Löhn...
Colorado Cold-Air Pooling Maps and SNOTEL Station Classifications
This dataset contains maps of cold-air pooling (CAP) across Colorado at 100m resolution (Colorado_100m.nc) and the region surrounding the East River w...
SAIL-Net Raw and Post Corrected POPS Data Fall 2021 - Summer 2023
SAIL-Net is a DOE funded project in the East River Watershed near Crested Butte, Colorado with the goal of advancing our understanding of aerosol-clou...
SOS: Terrestrial Scanning Lidar L5 Downwind Tower Raw Point Clouds. Version 1.0
Raw point clouds from the terrestrial scanning lidar #5 (L5) that was deployed on the downwind flux tower near Crested Butte, Colorado for the SOS (Su...
SOS: Terrestrial Scanning Lidar L4 Upwind West Tower Raw Point Clouds. Version 1.0
Raw point clouds from the terrestrial scanning lidar #4 (L4) that was deployed on the upwind west flux tower near Crested Butte, Colorado for the SOS ...
SOS: Terrestrial Scanning Lidar L6 Downwind Tower Raw Point Clouds. Version 1.0
Raw point clouds from the terrestrial scanning lidar #6 (L6) that was deployed on the downwind flux tower near Crested Butte, Colorado for the SOS (Su...
SOS: Terrestrial Scanning Lidar L3 Upwind West Tower Raw Point Clouds. Version 1.0
Raw point clouds from the terrestrial scanning lidar #3 (L3) that was deployed on the upwind west flux tower near Crested Butte, Colorado for the SOS ...
SOS: Terrestrial Scanning Lidar L2 Upwind East Tower Raw Point Clouds. Version 1.0
Raw point clouds from the terrestrial scanning lidar #2 (L2) that was deployed on the upwind east flux tower near Crested Butte, Colorado for the SOS ...
HEC-HMS models of major rainfall induced floods in ungauged mountain basins of Colorado
This dataset includes the models used in the journal article entitled, "Parameter Estimation for Models of Major Rainfall Induced Floods in Ungauged M...
NOAA PSL thermodynamic profiles retrieved from ASSIST infrared radiances with the optimal estimation physical retrieval TROPoe during SPLASH
This dataset contains daily files with thermodynamic profiles retrieved with the optimal estimation physical retrieval TROPoe (TROPoe, Turner and Löhn...
Integrated Hourly Meteorological Database of 20 Meteorological Stations (1981-2022) for Watershed Function SFA Hydrological Modeling
This dataset contains (a) a script “R_met_integrated_for_modeling.R”, and (b) associated input CSV files: 3 CSV files per location to create a 5-varia...
ParFlow-CLM model simulation files for Maina et al., Journal of Hydrology, 2022
This dataset contains the files to run a ParFlow-CLM integrated hydrologic model simulation for Maina et al., HESS, 2022. It also contains the associa...
ParFlow-CLM model simulation files for Maina et al., Journal of Hydrology, 2022
This dataset contains the files to run a ParFlow-CLM integrated hydrologic model simulation for Maina et al., HESS, 2022. It also contains the associa...
Microclimate observations associated with snowmelt experiment gradient sites, East River, Colorado, 2017 to 2020
The timing of snowmelt in mountain systems is a main driver of vegetation phenology and production, as well as recharge of soil moisture and ground wa...
Microclimate observations associated with snowmelt experiment gradient sites, East River, Colorado, 2017 to 2020
The timing of snowmelt in mountain systems is a main driver of vegetation phenology and production, as well as recharge of soil moisture and ground wa...
Microclimate observations associated with snowmelt experiment gradient sites, East River, Colorado, 2017 to 2020
The timing of snowmelt in mountain systems is a main driver of vegetation phenology and production, as well as recharge of soil moisture and ground wa...
Microclimate observations associated with snowmelt experiment gradient sites, East River, Colorado, 2017 to 2020
The timing of snowmelt in mountain systems is a main driver of vegetation phenology and production, as well as recharge of soil moisture and ground wa...
Microclimate observations associated with snowmelt experiment gradient sites, East River, Colorado, 2017 to 2020
The timing of snowmelt in mountain systems is a main driver of vegetation phenology and production, as well as recharge of soil moisture and ground wa...
Atmospheric Surface Flux Station #50 measurements (level 2 Processed), Study of Precipitation, the Lower Atmosphere and Surface for Hydrometeorology (SPLASH), October 2021-June 2023
[object Object]
Gridded Ensemble Precipitation and Temperature Estimates over the Contiguous United States Version 2.0
[object Object]
ParFlow-CLM model simulation files for Maina et al., Journal of Hydrology, 2022
This dataset contains the files to run a ParFlow-CLM integrated hydrologic model simulation for Maina et al., HESS, 2022. It also contains the associa...
ParFlow-CLM model simulation files for Maina et al., Journal of Hydrology, 2022
This dataset contains the files to run a ParFlow-CLM integrated hydrologic model simulation for Maina et al., HESS, 2022. It also contains the associa...
The Importance of Interflow to Groundwater Recharge in a Snowmelt-Dominated, Alpine Watershed, Geophysical Research Letters: Modeling and Data Package
This data package contains hydrologic modeling input and output files for the East River (ER_PRMS.zip) and Copper Creek (CC_GSFLOW.zip) for water year...
The Importance of Interflow to Groundwater Recharge in a Snowmelt-Dominated, Alpine Watershed, Geophysical Research Letters: Modeling and Data Package
This data package contains hydrologic modeling input and output files for the East River (ER_PRMS.zip) and Copper Creek (CC_GSFLOW.zip) for water year...
SPLASH Field Study; Snow-level Radar FMCW Moments at Brush Creek, Colorado, 2021-12-20 to 2023-09-05 (NCEI Accession 0289129)
From fall 2021 through summer 2023, NOAA and research partners conducted a field study (SPLASH - the Study of Precipitation, the Lower Atmosphere and ...
SOS: Terrestrial Scanning Lidar Derived Land/Snow Surfaces. Version 1.0
Surface grids of the snow, ground, and vegetation surfaces derived from the six terrestrial scanning lidars that were deployed on three flux towers ne...
iRON_Soil Moisture_Calibrated
**Error has been found in Glenwood Springs station data. The 8in depth soil moisture sensor was mislabeled as the 40in depth sensor and vice versa for...
iRON_Soil Moisture_Calibrated
**Error has been found in Glenwood Springs station data. The 8in depth soil moisture sensor was mislabeled as the 40in depth sensor and vice versa for...
Aeolian mass flux data for the Colorado Plateau
These data were compiled to measure airborne horizontal mass flux of sediments moved by wind across soils, climates, vegetation types, and land uses o...
Aeolian mass flux data for the Colorado Plateau
These data were compiled to measure airborne horizontal mass flux of sediments moved by wind across soils, climates, vegetation types, and land uses o...
Dust mass and horizontal aeolian sediment flux data from a sampler network on the Colorado Plateau, USA
These data were compiled to assess time series data of aeolian sediment collections across varying climates, vegetation cover, and land uses on the Co...
915rwpwindcon (a1)
[object Object]
ld (b1)
[object Object]
Atmospheric Surface Flux Station #30 measurements (level 2 Processed), Study of Precipitation, the Lower Atmosphere and Surface for Hydrometeorology (SPLASH), September 2021-July 2023
[object Object]
leahgibson/sailnet_paper_analysis_and_figures: SAIL-Net Analysis and Figures (paper accepted)
Contains the code for the figure generation and analysis of the manuscript "Measurement Report: An investigation of the spatiotemporal variability of ...
Hydrologic Model Files (PRMS) for Historical Conditions in the East River Watershed, Colorado between 1987-2019
The data package contains model input and output file for the East River watershed (85 km2) located in the headwaters of the Colorado River. The model...
interpolatedsonde
[object Object]
HEC-HMS models of major rainfall induced floods in ungauged mountain basins of Colorado
This dataset includes the models used in the journal article entitled, "Parameter Estimation for Models of Major Rainfall Induced Floods in Ungauged M...
Colorado Cold-Air Pooling Maps and SNOTEL Station Classifications
This dataset contains maps of cold-air pooling (CAP) across Colorado at 100m resolution (Colorado_100m.nc) and the region surrounding the East River w...
Iron_Soil Moisture_Calibrated_2013 To 2018
*** An error has been caught in time codes. The time codes currently read GMT-5:00. The CORRECT time code is GMT-7:00 for all datasets .*** These data...
Iron_Soil Moisture_Calibrated_2013 To 2018
*** An error has been caught in time codes. The time codes currently read GMT-5:00. The CORRECT time code is GMT-7:00 for all datasets .*** These data...
Iron_Soil Moisture_Calibrated_2013 To 2018
*** An error has been caught in time codes. The time codes currently read GMT-5:00. The CORRECT time code is GMT-7:00 for all datasets .*** These data...
iRON_Soil Moisture_Calibrated
**Error has been found in Glenwood Springs station data. The 8in depth soil moisture sensor was mislabeled as the 40in depth sensor and vice versa for...
SPLASH Field Study; Spectral Surface Albedo Observations from NOAA GML/GRAD and CIRES at Kettle Ponds (CKP) (NCEI Accession 0305473)
Overview The NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory (GML), Radiation, Aerosols, and Cloud Division (G-RAD), in collaboration with the Cooperative Institute...
WRF Large-Eddy Simulation Data from Realtime Runs Used to Support UAS Operations during LAPSE-RATE
Realtime micro-scale weather simulations were performed to support UAV (Uncrewed Aerial Vehicle) flights during the ISARRA Lower Atmospheric Process S...
Snowpack Duration Standard Deviation (Water Year 1993 - 2022)
This dataset represents an estimate of interannual variability in the number of days of continuous seasonal snowpack from 1993 - 2022. This map is d...
Snowpack Onset Day of Year Standard Deviation (1993-2022)
This dataset represents an estimate of interannual variability in the day of year (i.e., "Julian Day") of the onset of the seasonal snowpack. ...
Snowpack Persistence Day of Year Yearly Timeseries
This dataset represents an estimate of the day of year (i.e. , "Julian Day") of the persistence of the seasonal snowpack. Specifically the...
Turbulence dissipation rate estimated from Doppler Lidar measurements during LAPSE-RATE
This dataset includes turbulence dissipation rate estimated from the University of Colorado Windcube v1 lidars and the University of Oklahoma Halo Str...
Turbulence dissipation rate estimated from Doppler Lidar measurements during LAPSE-RATE
This dataset includes turbulence dissipation rate estimated from the University of Colorado Windcube v1 lidars and the University of Oklahoma Halo Str...
SPLASH Field Study; Spectral Surface Albedo Observations from NOAA GML/GRAD and CIRES at Brush Creek (CBC) (NCEI Accession 0305474)
Overview The NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory (GML), Radiation, Aerosols, and Cloud Division (G-RAD), in collaboration with the Cooperative Institute...
Turbulence dissipation rate estimated from Doppler Lidar measurements during LAPSE-RATE
This dataset includes turbulence dissipation rate estimated from the University of Colorado Windcube v1 lidars and the University of Oklahoma Halo Str...
Colorado Cold-Air Pooling Maps and SNOTEL Station Classifications
This dataset contains maps of cold-air pooling (CAP) across Colorado at 100m resolution (Colorado_100m.nc) and the region surrounding the East River w...
DEFUNCT:_iRON_Soil Moisture_Calibrated_2013 to 2018
***An error has been caught in time codes. The time codes currently read GMT-5:00. The CORRECT time code is GMT-7:00 for all datasets. Files with Full...
SPLASH Field Study; Brush Creek Flux Data for Publication (NCEI Accession 0305465)
These files contain the Surface Flux and turbulence data at the Brush Creek site during the deployment of NOAA's Physical Science Laboratory deploymen...
Turbulence dissipation rate estimated from Doppler Lidar measurements during LAPSE-RATE
This dataset includes turbulence dissipation rate estimated from the University of Colorado Windcube v1 lidars and the University of Oklahoma Halo Str...
Turbulence dissipation rate estimated from Doppler Lidar measurements during LAPSE-RATE
This dataset includes turbulence dissipation rate estimated from the University of Colorado Windcube v1 lidars and the University of Oklahoma Halo Str...
Turbulence dissipation rate estimated from Doppler Lidar measurements during LAPSE-RATE
This dataset includes turbulence dissipation rate estimated from the University of Colorado Windcube v1 lidars and the University of Oklahoma Halo Str...
dataRetrieval
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) developed an R package called dataRetrieval to help simplify the process of discovering and retrieving water quality...
DWCZ CO - Coal Creek (CC)
Coal Creek (CC) is a high-elevation, headwater tributary to the Upper Colorado Basin located in the Ruby-Anthracite Range in the central Colorado Rock...
Video In Situ Snowfall Sensor (VISSS) data for Ny-Ålesund (2021-2022)
[object Object]
Scripts and data to produce figures for the SVS2 paper submitted to GMD
The Soil, Vegetation, and snow model version 2.0 (SVS2) is a land surface model developed by Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) to be used i...
Scripts and data to produce figures for the SVS2 paper submitted to GMD
The Soil, Vegetation, and snow model version 2.0 (SVS2) is a land surface model developed by Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) to be used i...
Scripts and data to produce figures for the SVS2 paper submitted to GMD
The Soil, Vegetation, and snow model version 2.0 (SVS2) is a land surface model developed by Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) to be used i...
SAIL-Net CloudPuck CCN Data
SAIL-Net is a DOE funded project in the East River Watershed near Crested Butte, Colorado with the goal of advancing our understanding of aerosol-clou...
NOAA PSL CL31 Ceilometer Backscatter and Cloud Base Height Data for SPLASH
This dataset contains daily files from a CL31 ceilometer manufactured by Vaisala that was deployed at Roaring Judy in the East River Watershed in Colo...
Snowpack Persistence Day of Year Mean (1993 - 2022)
This dataset represents an estimate of the mean day of year (i.e., "Julian Day") of the persistence of the seasonal snowpack from 1993 - 2022. ...
Continuous snow temperature profiles from the Snow Ice Mass Balance Apparatus (SIMBA) (level 1 Raw), Study of Precipitation, the Lower Atmosphere and Surface for Hydrometeorology (SPLASH), November 2022-June 2023
[object Object]
Snowpack Onset Day of Year Mean (1993 - 2022)
This dataset represents an estimate of the mean day of year (i.e., "Julian Day") of the onset of the seasonal snowpack. Specifically these a...
LAPSE-RATE ground-based Doppler lidar datasets from Univ Colorado Boulder
This dataset includes measurements obtained using the University of Colorado Windcube v1 lidars during the 2018 LAPSE-RATE (Lower Atmospheric Profilin...
LAPSE-RATE ground-based Doppler lidar datasets from Univ Colorado Boulder
This dataset includes measurements obtained using the University of Colorado Windcube v1 lidars during the 2018 LAPSE-RATE (Lower Atmospheric Profilin...
LAPSE-RATE ground-based Doppler lidar datasets from Univ Colorado Boulder
This dataset includes measurements obtained using the University of Colorado Windcube v1 lidars during the 2018 LAPSE-RATE (Lower Atmospheric Profilin...
WRF Large-Eddy Simulation Data from Realtime Runs Used to Support UAS Operations during LAPSE-RATE
Realtime micro-scale weather simulations were performed to support UAV (Uncrewed Aerial Vehicle) flights during the ISARRA Lower Atmospheric Process S...
Grand Mesa Study Plot
Cleaned (quality checked) and continuous hourly records of snow energy and mass balance variables from Grand Mesa Study Plot (GMSP). GMSP is located i...
Atmospheric Surface Flux Station #30 measurements (level 1 Raw), Study of Precipitation, the Lower Atmosphere and Surface for Hydrometeorology (SPLASH), September 2021-July 2023
[object Object]
Turbulence dissipation rate estimated from Doppler Lidar measurements during LAPSE-RATE
This dataset includes turbulence dissipation rate estimated from the University of Colorado Windcube v1 lidars and the University of Oklahoma Halo Str...
LAPSE-RATE ground-based Doppler lidar datasets from Univ Colorado Boulder
This dataset includes measurements obtained using the University of Colorado Windcube v1 lidars during the 2018 LAPSE-RATE (Lower Atmospheric Profilin...
Snowpack Duration Mean (Water Year 1993 - 2022)
This dataset represents an estimate of the mean number of days of continuous seasonal snowpack from 1993 - 2022. This map is derived from estimates ...
LAPSE-RATE ground-based Doppler lidar datasets from Univ Colorado Boulder
This dataset includes measurements obtained using the University of Colorado Windcube v1 lidars during the 2018 LAPSE-RATE (Lower Atmospheric Profilin...
LAPSE-RATE ground-based Doppler lidar datasets from Univ Colorado Boulder
This dataset includes measurements obtained using the University of Colorado Windcube v1 lidars during the 2018 LAPSE-RATE (Lower Atmospheric Profilin...
LAPSE-RATE ground-based Doppler lidar datasets from Univ Colorado Boulder
This dataset includes measurements obtained using the University of Colorado Windcube v1 lidars during the 2018 LAPSE-RATE (Lower Atmospheric Profilin...
Atmospheric Surface Flux Station #50 measurements (level 1 Raw), Study of Precipitation, the Lower Atmosphere and Surface for Hydrometeorology (SPLASH), October 2021-June 2023
[object Object]
LAPSE-RATE ground-based Doppler lidar datasets from Univ Colorado Boulder
This dataset includes measurements obtained using the University of Colorado Windcube v1 lidars during the 2018 LAPSE-RATE (Lower Atmospheric Profilin...
Snowpack Duration Yearly Timeseries
These maps represent annual estimates of the number of days of continuous seasonal snowpack from 1993 - 2022. The maps are derived from estimates ...
mwrret1liljclou
[object Object]
Video In Situ Snowfall Sensor (VISSS) data for Hyytiälä (2021-2022)
[object Object]
Reduced Surface Hoar in a Warming World— SUMMA Model Output and Codes
SUMMA model output for a single site in the East River Watershed, Colorado using downscaled forcings from the WUS-D3 dataset of downscaled CMIP6 GCMS....
Scripts and data to produce figures for the SVS2 paper submitted to GMD
The Soil, Vegetation, and snow model version 2.0 (SVS2) is a land surface model developed by Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) to be used i...
KAZRARSCL-All-inclusive data stream
[object Object]
Turbulence dissipation rate estimated from Doppler Lidar measurements during LAPSE-RATE
This dataset includes turbulence dissipation rate estimated from the University of Colorado Windcube v1 lidars and the University of Oklahoma Halo Str...
Video In Situ Snowfall Sensor (VISSS) data for Ny-Ålesund (July 2022 - December 2023)
[object Object]
climlab/climlab: Version 0.8.1
A major refactor of the internals: all the Fortran code has been moved into external companion packages climlab-rrtmg, climlab-cam3-radiation, and cli...
SUMMA model output for surface hoar study
SUMMA model output for a single site in the East River Watershed, Colorado using downscaled forcings from the WUS-D3 dataset of downscaled CMIP6 GCMS....
Dust mass and horizontal aeolian sediment flux data from a sampler network on the Colorado Plateau, USA
These data were compiled to assess time series data of aeolian sediment collections across varying climates, vegetation cover, and land uses on the Co...
Grand Mesa 2017-02-01 snow depth estimate
Elevation difference (snow depth estimate for exposed ground surfaces) between co-registered WorldView-3 optical stereo DSM products from 2016-09-25 (...
Grand Mesa 2017-02-01 snow depth estimate
Elevation difference (snow depth estimate for exposed ground surfaces) between co-registered WorldView-3 optical stereo DSM products from 2016-09-25 (...
bsu-wrudisill/WRF-Run: first release pt 2
"Experimental" scripts to run WRF in a variety of configurations. Designed to facilitate experimenting with run settings, boundary/initial conditions,...
Ceilometer (Vaisala CL31) 10 meter resolution backscatter data
[object Object]
Snowpack_Snodgrass Elevation transect_Winters (2021-22, 2022-23)_AS.csv
The data set “Snowpack_Snodgrass_AS.csv” consists of the snowpack data measured by the PhenoCams at each site up Snodgrass Mtn, Crested Butte, Co. To ...
ARM: KAZRCFRGE
[object Object]
Grand Mesa 2017-02-01 snow depth estimate
Elevation difference (snow depth estimate for exposed ground surfaces) between co-registered WorldView-3 optical stereo DSM products from 2016-09-25 (...
Reduced Surface Hoar in a Warming World— SUMMA Model Output and Codes
SUMMA model output for a single site in the East River Watershed, Colorado using downscaled forcings from the WUS-D3 dataset of downscaled CMIP6 GCMS....
High Spectral Resolution Lidar Data, a1 Data Level
[object Object]
Catchment-flowline network and selected model inputs for an enhanced and updated spatially referenced statistical assessment of dissolved-solids load sources and transport in streams of the Upper Colorado River Basin
This USGS data release consists of the synthetic stream network and associated catchments used to develop spatially referenced regressions on watershe...
Grand Mesa 2017-02-01 snow depth estimate
Elevation difference (snow depth estimate for exposed ground surfaces) between co-registered WorldView-3 optical stereo DSM products from 2016-09-25 (...
Grand Mesa Study Plot
Cleaned (quality checked) and continuous hourly records of snow energy and mass balance variables from Grand Mesa Study Plot (GMSP). GMSP is located i...
Grand Mesa 2017-02-01 snow depth estimate
Elevation difference (snow depth estimate for exposed ground surfaces) between co-registered WorldView-3 optical stereo DSM products from 2016-09-25 (...
Gothic Colorado WInter 2022 Snow Depth Lidar
Gothic Colorado Winter 2022 Snow Depth Lidar from Jan7, Jan 26, and Feb 14 2022. Additionally, includes snow off.
Grand Mesa 2017-02-01 snow depth estimate
Elevation difference (snow depth estimate for exposed ground surfaces) between co-registered WorldView-3 optical stereo DSM products from 2016-09-25 (...