** Error has been found in Glenwood Springs station data. The 8in depth soil moisture sensor was mislabeled as the 40in depth sensor and vice versa for data sets uploaded prior to February 2024. Datasets uploaded after Feb 22, 2024 have the sensor labels corrected for all dates going back to install

This child item contains the raw acoustic Doppler velocity profiler (ADCP) measurements collected by U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) hydrographers at each site to validate Image and Radar velocimetry results. The discharge measurements were collected as part of routine and standard streamflow gaging d

This child item contains bathymetric measurements of the channel geometry suitable for use in computing cross-sectional area for each field site. Each field site is abbreviated in various files in this data release. File and folder names quickly identify which site a particular file or dataset repre

This child item contains the raw videos captured by small Unoccupied Aircraft Systems (sUAS) at each field site. It also includes a summary file with metadata for each video. Each field site is abbreviated in various files in this data release. File and folder names quickly identify which site a par

Escape theory has been exceptionally successful in conceptualizing and accurately predicting effects of numerous factors that affect predation risk and explaining variation in flight initiation distance (FID, predator-prey distance when escape begins). Less explored is the relative orientation of an

Animals adapt to changing environments by behaving flexibly when solving problems. Traits, such as sex and age, and spe- cifically behavioral traits like persistence–the amount of time spent attempting to solve a problem, are positively associated with successful problem-solving. However, individual

The benefits of dominance may not come without costs, particularly for males. For example, the “immunocompetence handicap hypothesis” states that males with enhanced mating success allocate resources to enhance reproductive output at a cost to their current health, whereas the “resource quality hypo

Abstract Continuous exposure to humans causes wildlife to either habituate or sensitize. Although increased tolerance may play an important role in coexistence with humans, the mechanisms and fitness outcomes of long-term changes of tolerance are not fully understood because only a few studies have

We report a chromosome-level assembly for Pieris macdunnoughii, a North American butterfly whose involvement in an evolutionary trap imposed by an invasive Eurasian mustard has made it an emerging model system for studying maladaptation in plant-insect interactions. Assembled Downloaded from https:/

In eusocial insects, chemical communication is crucial for mediating many aspects of social activities, especially the regulation of reproduction. Though queen signals are known to decrease ovarian activation of workers in highly eusocial species, little is known about their evolution. In contrast,

In eusocial insects, chemical communication is crucial for mediating many aspects of social activities, especially the regulation of reproduction. Though queen signals are known to decrease ovarian activation of workers in highly eusocial species, little is known about their evolution. In contrast,

Abstract Inland waters are an important component of the global carbon budget. However, our ability to predict carbon fluxes from stream systems remains uncertain, as p CO 2 varies within streams at scales of 1–100 m. This makes direct monitoring of large‐scale CO 2 fluxes impractical. We incorporat

Recent studies in snowmelt-dominated catchments have documented changes in nitrogen (N) retention over time, such as declines in watershed exports of N, though there is a limited understanding of the controlling processes driving these trends. Working in the mountainous headwater East River Colorado

Animals foraging from flowers must assess their environment and make critical decisions about which patches, plants, and flowers to exploit to obtain limiting resources. The cognitive ecology of plant-pollinator interactions explores not only the complex nature of pollinator foraging behavior and de

plant ecologist , a limnologist, and a re- The vehide to convey McHarg's all - of Emerson and Thoreau. Then on to hu· source economist. Students arc required embracing personal vision has been a man behavior, the effects of environ- to have competence in the physical sci- course he ha been running f

Tim Fitzgerald. Colorado Voices.

Pike & San Isabel National Forests Leadville Ranger District