Concepts

Normalizing reaction rates to specific surface area measured by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller gas sorption method

A transient pulse of CO₂ followed by a decrease to lower, steady state values when soils are rewet after a prolonged period of dry conditions

Different photosynthetic pathways in plants that produce distinct carbon isotope signatures

Abiotic chemical reaction where Fe(II) reacts with hydrogen peroxide to produce hydroxyl radicals capable of oxidizing organic matter

Hyperbolic function describing the relationship between nutrient concentrations and nutrient uptake rates by algae

Isotopic fractionation model used to quantify progressive sulfate reduction using fractionation factor α=1.030

The capacity of water to neutralize acids, indicating buffering ability against acidification

Acidification of surface waters due to atmospheric acid deposition from anthropogenic sources

Secondary aerobic treatment using wetland plants to further reduce BOD, nutrients, and remaining contaminants from biochemical reactor effluent

Essential and nonessential amino acid needs for bee development, particularly focusing on requirements outlined for honeybees

Protection of organic carbon upon burial under anaerobic conditions through kinetic and thermodynamic constraints on microbial activity that can limit depolymerization and respiration of organic compo...

Percentage of inorganic material remaining after high-temperature combustion

The flux of weathering-derived cations (Ca, Mg, Na, K) from subsurface to surface waters

Anaerobic biological treatment using organic substrate and bacteria to reduce sulfate and precipitate metals from acid mine drainage

Chemical and physical properties of sediments including pH, bulk density, organic matter content, dissolved nutrients, and moisture content that influence microbial processes.

Reservoir of biogeochemical capacity available as environmental conditions change, defined by genetic capabilities rather than instantaneous activity

Interconnected set of microbially-mediated reactions including aerobic respiration, denitrification, iron reduction, and sulfate reduction

Disturbance of sedimentary deposits by living organisms, in this case soil mixing by ant tunneling activities

Enzymes involved in the synthesis, modification, and degradation of carbohydrates including polysaccharides

Integrative model combining photosynthesis, respiration, and total nonstructural carbohydrate measurements to quantify carbon allocation patterns

Accumulated shortage of carbon resources in plants that can influence future phenological timing