Protocols

Wood samples are sectioned into sub-annual increments and cellulose is extracted for oxygen and carbon isotope analysis to assess seasonal water sources and water use efficiency in trees.

Meta-analytical approach to synthesize population-level climate sensitivities across multiple species using structured population models and standardized effect sizes. Incorporates life history traits...

Standard increment boring technique to extract tree cores for measuring annual ring widths, then calculating basal area increment over specific time periods to quantify stem growth.

Systematic establishment of gridded plots across watersheds followed by long-term monitoring of tagged individual trees for mortality and recruitment rates. Combined with environmental characterizatio...

Cytotype inference using twelve multinational microsatellites with 97% correct classification for cytotype. Individual plants defined as diploid or triploid based on maximum number of alleles observed...

Comprehensive measurement of leaf morphological, physiological, and chemical traits including stomatal conductance, leaf mass per area, nitrogen content, and spectral properties to characterize plant ...

Comprehensive measurement of soil nutrients, moisture, pH, topographic aspect, and interpolated climate variables to characterize abiotic conditions at vegetation sampling sites.

Uses hyperspectral imaging (400-1000 nm) combined with Partial Least Squares Regression to correlate spectral signatures with measured leaf traits like LMA and LWC. Enables non-destructive remote meas...

PLSR modeling approach using leaf spectral reflectance measurements to extrapolate functional trait values from subset of direct measurements to larger sample sizes. Ten-fold cross-validation used for...

Standardized searches for fresh pika sign including visual and auditory detection of individuals and fresh food caches (haypiles) to determine current site occupancy. Sites without initial detection r...

Systematic point sampling along transects to quantify vegetation composition and forage quality metrics. Modified from standard methods described in Wilkening et al. 2011.

Integration of gridMET temperature data, MODIS snowmelt timing, and PARFLOW-CLM soil moisture simulations to create multi-temporal environmental predictor datasets with quantified drought metrics.

Processing of gridded climate data from the CRU TS3.1 dataset with lapse rate adjustment for elevation differences between grid cells and actual study locations, validated against local meteorological...

Laboratory analysis of plant samples for nitrogen content using elemental CHNSO analyzer and water content determination through oven-drying weight loss.

Photographic analysis using ImageJ software with ellipsis tool to quantify percent vegetation coverage around each sampling point as a fraction of total photographed area.

A standardized protocol for preparing plant leaves through chemical clearing and measuring vein density using microscopy and stochastic line-intersection analysis. Leaves are dried, cleared with sodiu...

Airborne hyperspectral imaging (380-2500 nm) and LiDAR data collection at 1 m resolution, followed by machine learning algorithms to produce aspen cover and cytotype distribution maps.

Systematic compilation and cleaning of plant trait records from multiple databases to create a comprehensive tundra plant trait dataset. Combined TRY database records with Tundra Trait Team contributi...

Compilation and analysis of published plant population divergence data paired with evolvability estimates to test macroevolutionary predictions. Uses proportional divergence metrics and meta-analytica...

Field measurement of leaf temperature and air temperature relationships across multiple species and ecosystems to characterize thermal response slopes (β values). Data collection involves simultaneous...

Unmanned aerial vehicle flights with multispectral camera to capture georeferenced imagery of forest canopy in five spectral bands, with radiometric calibration using reference panel and downwelling l...

Collection of VSWIR field spectra at leaf- and mineral-levels using an Analytical Spectral Devices FieldSpec 3 spectroradiometer with contact probe and leaf clip attachments.

Endmember spectral measurements using contact probe attachment with internal bulb illumination for close-contact surface measurements.

Laboratory technique to determine ploidy level, validated against Hordeum vulgare standards.

Collection of site spectra to validate airborne hyperspectral data acquired by NEON Aerial Observation Platform.

Measurement of leaf traits including nitrogen concentration, phosphorus concentration, specific leaf area, and tensile strength in African woody species.

National Ecological Observatory Network Airborne Observation Platform flights acquiring LiDAR, imaging spectroscopy, and high-resolution camera imagery.

Genotyping using a panel of 384 candidate-gene single nucleotide polymorphisms putatively associated with adaptive traits.

Statistical validation approach for model selection and parameter optimization to ensure robust performance.

Standardised experimental burns on three types of leaf material (fresh, dried and senesced) to measure flammability parameters.

Field observations of vegetation samples collected using tablet computers and digital forms targeting different vegetation types.