Protocols

Novel framework using collocated slanted W-band and vertical Ka-band radars to isolate microphysical processes within turbulent layers by comparing radar observations above and below the turbulent lay...

Systematic comparison of modeled precipitation against station observations and multiple gridded datasets using percent error calculations and spatial pattern analysis. Includes seasonal decomposition...

Applies multiple clustering algorithms (K-means, hierarchical clustering, Gaussian mixture models) to hillslope feature vectors to identify watershed zones with similar characteristics. Uses model sel...

Three-step process to harmonize cloud condensation nuclei measurements across different instrument supersaturation settings using polynomial interpolation to standard values.

EOF analysis applied to temperature deviations from 600 hPa free-air temperature to identify dominant spatial patterns of surface temperature variability. Uses singular value decomposition to extract ...

Regression analysis applied to simulated water table declines across nested catchments to identify relationships between topographic characteristics, vegetation cover, and groundwater response to clim...

Climate forcing using minimum and maximum daily temperature lapse rates defined by Snow Telemetry stations adjusted for aspect.

Instrument responsivity calibrations performed using laboratory lamp calibrations for the MFRSR and in-field side-by-side calibration for the MFR.

Derivation of hydraulic permeability and porosity from ERT data through petrophysical relationships for model parameterization.

Data ranges for each sensor type were filtered based on a combination of sensor specifications and assumed reasonable values.