← Back to Protocolsobservationalstandardized

focal animal sampling (Sciuridae)

Subcategory: demographic and behavioral monitoring
Standard reference: Ferron, 1985
Papers: 98 | Mentions: 104

Local Knowledge Graph (41 entities)

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Description

Live-trapping and marking of yellow-bellied marmots followed by systematic focal behavioral observations to quantify time allocation to different behaviors including vigilance. Uses established ethogram and continuous recording methods during standardized 2-minute observation periods.

Typical Equipment

  • Tomahawk live traps
  • metal tags
  • Nyanzol fur dye
  • spotting scopes
  • voice recorders
  • JWatcher 1.0 software

Output Measurements

  • proportion time vigilant
  • individual identity
  • behavioral sequences
  • capture histories

Papers Using This Protocol (103)

student_paper

Sick and alone? Evaluating how immune response is associated with social network position in yellow-bellied marmots

2025using
article

Is the propensity to alarm-call heritable and related across multiple contexts?

2025Animal Behaviourusing
article

The sound of fear is heritable

2025Current Zoologyusing
article

Does rainfall or temperature influence antipredator vigilance in a hibernating mammal?

2025Behavioral Ecologyusing
article

Conditional syndromes: Effect of human disturbance and age on the correlation between flight initiation distance and vigilance in marmots

2025Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiologyusing
article

Social security: individuals in socially reciprocal groups may perceive security from predators

2025Behavioral Ecologyusing
student_paper

Investigating the role of climate on juvenile Golden-mantled ground squirrel (Callospermophilus lateralis) growth and behavior

2024using
student_paper

Social Security: Do Individuals in Tight-Knit Social Groups Perceive Greater Security?

2024using
student_paper

Does current weather or seasonality influence antipredator vigilance in a hibernating mammal?

2024using
article

Agonistic and affiliative social relationships are associated with marmot docility but not boldness

2023Animal Behaviourusing
article

The (surprising) importance of males in a matrilineal society: behavioural insights from a topological knockout study

2023Animal Behaviourusing
student_paper

Extending the social cohesion hypothesis: Is group cohesion associated with dispersal?

2023using
article

Is flight initiation distance associated with longer-term survival in yellow-bellied marmots, Marmota flaviventer?

2023Animal Behaviourusing
article

The social microbiome: gut microbiome diversity and abundance are negatively associated with sociality in a wild mammal

2023Royal Society Open Scienceusing
article

Take only pictures, leave only... Cameras influence marmot vigilance but not perceptions of risk

2023Journal of Zoologyintroducing
article

Habitat selection in a fluctuating ground squirrel population: Density - dependence and fitness consequences

2022Ecology and Evolutionusing
student_paper

Golden-Mantled Ground Squirrel (<i> Spermophilus lateralis </i>) and Yellow-Bellied Marmot ( <i> Marmota flaviventris </i>) Intraspecific and Interspecific Perch Use and Interaction Dynamics in Gothic, Colorado

2022using
student_paper

Early-life trade-offs in golden-mantled ground squirrel sociality and growth rate

2022using
article

How do humans impact yellow-bellied marmots? An integrative analysis

2021Applied Animal Behaviour Scienceusing
article

Habituation or sensitization? Long-term responses of yellow-bellied marmots to human disturbance

2021Behavioral Ecologyusing
article

Social position indirectly influences the traits yellow-bellied marmots use to solve problems

2021Animal Cognitionusing
student_paper

Take only pictures, leave only… Cameras influence marmot vigilance but not perceptions of risk

2021introducing
article

Bridging animal personality with space use and resource use in a free-ranging population of an asocial ground squirrel

2021Animal Behaviourusing
student_paper

The Influence of Summer Precipitation and Temperature on Golden Mantled Ground Squirrel Pup Foraging.

2021using
student_paper

Are vigilance and flight initiation distance correlated in yellow-bellied marmots?

2021using
article

Producer-scrounger relationships in yellow-bellied marmots

2021Animal Behaviourintroducing
article

Bigger is not always better: Viability selection on body mass varies across life stages in a hibernating mammal

2021Ecology and Evolutionusing
article

Is the propensity to emit alarm calls associated with health status?

2020Current Zoologyusing
article

Optimal multisensory integration

2020Behavioral Ecologyusing
article

Mixed support for state maintaining risky personality traits in yellow-bellied marmots

2019Animal Behaviourusing
article

Correlates of maternal glucocorticoid levels in a socially flexible rodent

2019Hormones and behaviorusing
student_paper

Are Marmot Alarm Class Condition Dependent?

2019using
article

Strong social relationships are associated with decreased longevity in a facultatively social mammal

2018Proc. R. Soc. Busing
article

Social security: are socially connected individuals less vigilant?

2017Animal Behaviourusing
article

Genetic basis of between-individual and within-individual variance of docility

2017Journal of Evolutionary Biologyusing
student_paper

Social security: Are socially connected individuals less vigilant?

2016using
student_paper

Do Social Interactions Decrease Basal Stress Levels In Breeding Female Yellow-Bellied Marmots?

2016using
student_paper

Habitat patch use, density, and territoriality of American Red Squirrels (<i>Tamiasciurus hudsonicus</i>) in the southwestern Rocky Mountains, Colorado

2016introducing
student_paper

Does Stress Explain Variation in Marmot Parenting Behavior or Pup Survival?

2016using
article

Pattern and variation of the time budget of yellow-bellied marmots.

2016Ethology, Ecology and Evolutionusing
article

Assessing the sensitivity of foraging and vigilance to internal state and environmental variables in yellow-bellied marmots (<i>Marmota flaviventris</i>).

2016Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiologyusing
student_paper

Behavioral strategies of golden-mantled ground squirrels, <i>Callospermophilus lateralis</i>

2016using
article

Do yellow-bellied marmots perceive enhanced predation risk when they are farther from safety?: an experimental study

2015Ethologyintroducing
article

Do yellow-bellied marmots perceive enhanced predation risk when they are farther from safety?: an experimental study

2015Ethologyusing
student_paper

Exploring the behavioral rules influencing sociality in a facultatively social species, yellow-bellied marmots

2015using
article

Environmentally induced phenotypic variation in wild yellow-bellied marmots

2015Journal of Mammalogyusing
article

Group size affects social relationships in yellow-bellied marmots <i>(Marmota flaviventris)</i>

2015Behavioral Ecologyusing
article

Pattern and variation of the time budget of yellow-bellied marmots

2015Ethology, Ecology and Evolutionusing
article

A critical evaluation of subjective ratings: unacquainted observers can reliably assess personality

2014Current Zoologyusing
student_paper

Are social network measures associated with the propensity to alarm call in yellow-bellied marmots (Marmota flaviventris)?

2014using
article

Defensive and social aggression: repeatable but independent

2013Behavioral Ecologyusing
student_paper

Effects of spontaneous movement on alert distance and flight initiation distance in yellow-bellied marmots (Marmota flaviventris)

2013using
article

Early play may predict later dominance relationships in yellow-bellied marmots (<i>Marmota flaviventris</i>)

2013Proceedings of the Royal Society Busing
student_paper

Development and structure of boldness and aggression in yellow-bellied marmots

2012using
article

Masculinized female yellow-bellied marmots initiate more social interactions

2012Biology Lettersusing
student_paper

Functional relationships between early play behavior and adult dominance roles in yellow-bellied marmots (<i>Marmota flaviventris</i>)

2012using
student_paper

The effect of human activity on the vigilance rates of <i>Spermophilis lateralis</i> and <i>Tamias minimus</i>

2012using
article

Correlates and consequences of dominance in a social rodent

2011Ethologyusing
article

Age and sex influence marmot antipredator behavior during periods of heightened risk

2011Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiologyusing
article

Proximate causes of natal dispersal in female yellow-bellied marmots, <i>Marmota flaviventris</i>

2011Ecologyusing
article

Quantifying human disturbance on antipredator behavior and flush initiation distance in yellow-bellied marmots

2011Applied Animal Behaviour Scienceusing
student_paper

Factors that affect the repeatability of personality in yellow-bellied marmots, <i>Marmota flaviventris</i>

2011using
student_paper

Testing predictions of the coexistence of golden-mantled ground squirrels, <i>Spermophilus lateralis</i>, and least chipmunks, <i>Tamias minimus</i>, in meadows with various distances from cover

2011introducing
student_paper

Effects of Burrow Distance on Anti-predator Vigilance in Foraging Yellow-Bellied Marmots

2010using
student_paper

Vigilance in the golden-mantled ground squirrel (<i>Spermophilus lateralis</i>): effect of age and distance to human-created structures

2010using
article

Heritability of anti-predatory traits: vigilance and locomotor performance in marmots

2010J Evolutionary Biologyusing
article

Is alarm calling risky? Marmots avoid calling from risky places

2010Ethologyintroducing
article

Is alarm calling risky? Marmots avoid calling from risky places

2010Ethologyusing
article

Applying the coalitionary-traits metric: sociality without cooperation in male yellow-bellied marmots

2010Behavioral Ecologyusing
article

Social cohesion in yellow-bellied marmots is established through age and kin structuring

2010Animal Behaviourusing
student_paper

Effects of Burrow Distance on Anti-predator Vigilance in Foraging Yellow-Bellied Marmots

2010introducing
article

The sound of arousal: the addition of novel non-linearities increases responsiveness in marmot alarm calls

2009Ethologyintroducing
article

A test of the social cohesion hypothesis: interactive female marmots remain at home

2009Proceedings of the Royal Societyusing
student_paper

Variation in vigilance of yellow-bellied marmots due to predator pressure

2009using
article

A test of the multipredator hypothesis: yellow-bellied marmots respond fearfully to the sight of novel and extinct predators

2009Animal Behaviourusing
article

A test of the multipredator hypothesis: yellow-bellied marmots respond fearfully to the sight of novel and extinct predators

2009Animal Behaviourintroducing
article

Peripheral obstructions influence marmot vigilance: integrating observational and experimental results

2009Behavioral Ecologyusing
student_paper

Time budget of yellow-bellied marmots at high and low elevations

2008using
article

Olfactory predator discrimination in yellow-bellied marmots

2008Ethologyusing
article

Do yellow-bellied marmots respond to predator vocalizations?

2008Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiologyintroducing
student_paper

The importance of parasitism and body condition in explaining variation in anti-predator vigilance in the yellow bellied marmot (<i>Marmota flaviventris</i>)

2008using
student_paper

Age effects on yellow-bellied marmot <i> (Marmota flaviventris)</i> maximum running speed

2007introducing
article

Predicted fitness consequences of threat-sensitive hiding behavior

2007Behavioral Ecologyintroducing
student_paper

The effects of altitude on the life history characteristics of yellow-bellied marmots <i>(Marmota flaviventris)</i>

2007using
student_paper

Evidence for fine scale adjustments in circadian rhythms in yellow-bellied marmots according to burrow location, photoperiod, and local ambient temperature

2007using
article

Faecal glucocorticoid metabolites and alarm calling in free-living yellow-bellied marmots

2006Biology Lettersusing
student_paper

Consistency of individual foraging and vigilance patterns in Yellow-Bellied marmots

2005using
student_paper

Consistency of individual foraging and vigilance patterns in Yellow-Bellied marmots

2005introducing
article

Yellow-bellied marmot hiding time is sensitive to variation in costs

2005Canadian Journal of Zoologyintroducing
student_paper

The effect of body condition of yellow-bellied marmots on time allocation to vigilance and food acquisition while foraging

2004using
article

Locomotor ability and wariness in yellow-bellied marmots

2004Ethologyusing
article

Reliability and the adaptive utility of discrimination among alarm callers

2004Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Bintroducing
student_paper

Do yellow-bellied marmots respond to predator vocalisations?

2004introducing
article

Early season arboreal behaviour in yellow-bellied marmots (<i>Marmota flaviventris</i>)

2003Oecologia Montanaintroducing
article

Nesting activities of yellow-bellied marmots

2003International Network on Marmotsusing
article

Behavioral responses of yellow-bellied marmots to birds and mammals

2003Oecologia Montanaintroducing
article

Defining yellow-bellied marmot social groups using association indices

2003Oecologia Montanausing
article

Why do yellow-bellied marmots call?

1998Animal Behaviorusing
article

Alarm calling in yellow-bellied marmots: I. The meaning of situationally variable alarm calls

1997Animal Behaviourusing
article

Alarm calling in yellow-bellied marmots: II. The importance of direct fitness

1997Animal Behaviourusing
chapter

Biodiversity in marmots

1996using
student_paper

Female choice in true bugs (Homoptera: Miridae)

1991using
thesis

Pre-dispersal seed predation by <i>Hylema</i> (Delia) sp. (Diptera: Anthomyiidae): mechanisms and consequences of oviposition choice

1991using