linear depolarization ratio
matric potential
matrix resistance
The relative difficulty of movement through different types of non-habitat matrix surrounding habitat patches
mean
metabolomes
minimum flow reduction
mirror image stimulus test
Behavioral test using mirror exposure to gauge shy and bold behavior through observed interactions with reflection
mutual tolerance
When any social group contains 2 or more males with neither male forced to leave the group because of conflict
nest success
noble gas recharge parameters
Parameters including recharge temperature, elevation, and excess-air conditions that control dissolved noble gas concentrations in groundwater
opportunity for selection
organic functional groups
overhead concealment
Percentage of nest area hidden from predators when viewed from directly above, measured using gridded circle
partner preference
When animals prefer to associate with certain individuals over others within a group
personality
phenological overlap
The number of weeks during a growing season when both pollinators and their floral resources are active and available
pitfall trapping
Sampling method using buried containers with killing solution to capture ground-dwelling invertebrates
point count surveys
Standardized method for observing and counting birds at fixed locations for specified time periods
pollinator exclusion
Method of covering flowers with mesh bags to prevent pollinator access and allow nectar accumulation for sampling
predation rate
The rate at which predators consume prey, measured as prey mortality per predator per unit time
provision weight
proximity to stream
radar beam overlap
Spatial intersection of radar beams from different systems enabling measurement comparison
radiation
realized tolerance
The ability to maintain fitness after damage, measured through both genetic and environmental components of tolerance including resource acquisition and storage traits, and traits involved in pollinat...
reproductive output
The production of reproductives (males and new queens) by bumble bee colonies, measured as abundance of males in late season
reproductive status
Classification of female reproductive phase as gestation/lactation or post-reproductive/pre-hibernation
reproductive success
Successful production of larvae that develop to feeding stage on buried carcasses
return flows
root surface area
size at emergence
The body size of mayflies when they emerge as adults from aquatic larval stage
snow-free season length
social reciprocity
Measures the proportion of relationships within a group where both individuals initiate interactions with each other, indicating mutual social relationships
soil horizon
Distinct layers in soil profile with different physical and chemical properties
sorption distribution coefficient (Kd)
specific differential phase shift
streamflow deficit
The difference between observed streamflow and expected or baseline streamflow, representing water shortage
strontium isotope tracing
Use of 87Sr/86Sr ratios to trace sources of nutrients and water in ecological systems
style length
supersaturation
survival analysis
Statistical methods for analyzing time-to-event data, here focused on summer survival probability
temperature lapse rate
The rate at which temperature decreases with elevation, typically expressed as degrees Celsius per kilometer
territory size
Linear distance along stream between upper and lower boundaries of breeding territory
thermal inertia
tissue quality
tongue length
trap behavior
Behavioral activity of birds when captured in traps, measured as activity index from feeding to high distress behaviors
utility value
vegetation structure
The physical arrangement and composition of vegetation including coverage of different plant types, heights, and density