structural color
Colors produced by light-scattering nanostructures rather than pigment absorption
style length variation
Continuous variation in style length within and among M. fusiformis populations, categorized as long-styled vs short-styled morphs
substrate collection timing
summer warming
Increases in summer temperature over time periods relevant to vegetation monitoring studies
surface hoar
taxonomic impediment
The bottleneck in biodiversity research caused by insufficient taxonomic expertise and long wait times for species identification
temporal scale-dependence
The degree to which network structural properties vary depending on the temporal scale at which data are aggregated and analyzed
temporal variation in plant chemistry
Day versus night differences in plant chemical emissions and metabolite production
temporally forbidden links
terrestrial-aquatic interfaces
Boundary zones between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems where material exchange occurs
territoriality
thermal developmental advantage
Developmental benefit gained from egg clusters oriented to intercept morning sun due to enhanced thermal conditions
thermal melanism
threshold distance
The distance beyond which the positive effects of habitat features on species richness and abundance become negligible
threshold response
Nonlinear responses where rates change dramatically at specific density values
topographic relief
The difference in elevation between high and low points in a landscape
toxic masculinity
toxicosis
transient increase in respiration rate
tundra vegetation change
Directional changes in plant community composition, abundance, and structure in tundra ecosystems over time
uniparental care
Parental care provided by only one parent, either male or female
univoltine
Having one generation per year, characteristic of high-altitude mosquito species
vegetation boundaries
Multi-scalar or hierarchical entities where environmental conditions act as site-dependent filters of varying degree to create a present landscape
vegetation density patterns
Spatial distribution of plant species abundance in relation to ant nest locations
vesicular stomatitis
Vector-borne livestock disease caused by vesicular stomatitis viruses that produces blister-like lesions on muzzle, lips, tongue, and other areas
visual obstruction effects
How physical barriers affect an animal's ability to detect predators and influence anti-predatory behavior patterns
western gothic
A hybrid genre combining western settings and conventions with gothic aesthetics including dark set design, chiaroscuro lighting, and themes of entrapment and monstrosity
whirling disease
whirling disease
Disease caused by the myxozoan parasite Myxobolus cerebralis that affects salmonid fish populations
white noise
Sound produced by vocal tract constriction that creates airflow turbulence
wilderness
wildland-urban interface
Areas where expanding development meets undeveloped wildland that may increase wildlife-vehicle collisions
wing polymorphism
Presence of both long-winged and short-winged morphs within a species, related to dispersal-reproduction tradeoffs
wing wear
Physical damage or deterioration of wing structures that may affect flight performance
zero-degree isotherm
The elevation at which temperature is at zero degrees Celsius (freezing point), which is moving to higher elevations due to climate change
