Concepts

The range of worker sizes within colonies, also called worker polymorphism

Trace elements like rhenium that can be used to track and quantify specific weathering processes due to their distinctive geochemical behavior

Analytical method for detecting hydrogen peroxide concentrations using flow injection system with acridinium ester reagent

The number of molecular formulae detected in a sample

Statistical methods for analyzing cyclical data such as flowering dates that occur on an annual cycle

Determination of cloud top altitude using atmospheric absorption in the oxygen A-band to infer pressure level

Groups of CpG sites that show similar methylation patterns across samples

The number of elapsed days from the estimated starting date to ending date of a developmental cohort

When animals work together to take over existing social groups and oust the dominant males, as seen in banded mongooses

The rate at which empty sites are reoccupied by dispersing individuals

Laboratory procedure using sediment-filled columns with various influent waters to determine contaminant release rates and transport parameters

Total biomass of animal community, which was the strongest predictor of nutrient supply contributions across hydroperiods

Cytogenetic technique using fluorescently labeled DNA probes to identify homologous chromosome regions across species

PCA performed on geochemical data transformed to compositional units to remove effects of dilution

Water electrical conductivity that increases as solutes concentrate during pond drying

The fraction of water that was originally withdrawn from a source for irrigation and is subsequently removed from availability owing to evaporation, transpiration, or incorporation into crops

Chemical compounds that enhance image contrast by increasing X-ray absorption properties of biological tissues

Method using in-situ produced cosmogenic nuclides to determine how long rock surfaces have been exposed to cosmic radiation

A correlate of condition and strong social signal in mountain white-crowned sparrows, measured as stripe width to crown width ratio

Waxy compounds on insect cuticle surface used for waterproofing and chemical communication

Early photographic process using silver-plated copper sheets that could create images of absolute likeness

Metric defined as d-excess = δ²H - 8·δ¹⁸O, indicative of non-equilibrium conditions during evaporation and sublimation processes

The speed at which organisms progress through life stages, influenced by temperature and other environmental factors

Patterns of fly abundance and biomass across the growing season

Having the ability to discover resources quickly due to high foraging efficiency or abundance

The ratio of the number of subpopulation diseased plants to the total number of plants in each 25-m² subpopulation

The ability of a host organism to resist infection or reduce disease severity when exposed to pathogens

Chemical compounds formed when chlorine or other oxidants react with organic matter in water during drinking water treatment