Changing phenological cues can lead to trophic mismatch for plants and herbivores, and this often shifts herbivore feeding to plant stages of lower quality. Temperature can also mediate how herbivores respond to plant quality, leading to temperature-by-phenology interactions. We examined how both te

Data come from fourteen sites in the West Elk Mountains of Colorado, USA. The study aimed to identify the factors regulating phenology of plants and cavity-nesting insects, and to determine the likelihood of asynchrony between flowering and pollinator emergence under climate change. Numbers of flowe