Abstract Ligusticum porteri (osha) is an important wild-harvested medicinal plant. Populations of this plant occur in meadows and forest understories in the subalpine and montane zones of the Rocky Mountains. We examined variation in the bioactive compounds of 44 methanolic extracts of L. porteri ro

Abstract I studied the relationships among energy availability, female visitation rates, and male display rates in Broad-tailed Hummingbirds (Selasphorus platycercus). Feeders contained 10%, 20%, or 30% sucrose solutions; female visitation rates and male hummingbird display rates were measured. Disp

Abstract Insectivorous birds have ecologically important effects on prey abundance, behavior, and evolution, and through top‐down control, birds indirectly reduce herbivory and promote plant growth. While several studies sought to characterize biogeographic patterns in top‐down control by birds, var

Published data concerning the standard weight in lake trout ( Salvelinus namaycush ) and brown trout ( Salmo trutta ) have been established. The standard weights were used to compute relative weights for data collected in the spring and summer of 2011 for brown trout and lake trout in the Blue Mesa

Our study shows that variation in individual phenology affects fecundity in three phenologically distinct montane species, and that pollen limitation may be more influential than conspecific density. Our results suggest that individual-level changes in phenology are important to consider for underst

The project Feral Hues and Invasive Pigments (FH&IP) addresses the role of spontaneous urban plants (aka weeds) through ecosocial art, with the goal of reducing human alienation from plant life and land in urban and disturbed habitats. Hands-on work with spontaneous urban plants through ecosocial ar

A right theropod pedal ungual phalanx II-3 from the Campanian Williams Fork Formation of northwestern Colorado is described, and a combination of features, including the large size, tapering distal tip, robust and stout overall form, triangular cross-section, and a relatively flat ventral surface al

Interim guidelines are provided to aid the forest manager in developing alternatives to clearcutting in old-growth spruce-fir forests in Colorado and southern Wyoming. Included are partial cutting practices for different stand conditions and windfall and insect susceptibility that should maintain co

Primary nectar-robbers feed through holes they make in flowers, often bypassing the plant's reproductive organs in the process. In many robbed plants, multiple holes are made in a single flower. Why a flower should be robbed repeatedly is difficult to understand: a hole signals that a nectar forager

In the present report are discussed the partial results of extensive collections of Tipuloidea that were taken in the vicinity of Gothic, Gunnison Co., Colorado, in 1934, chiefly by Mrs. Alexander and the writer. It is hoped that we will be able to make a detailed survey of the crane-flies of the en

AbstractHow bees shift the timing of their seasonal activity (phenology) to track favorable conditions influences the degree to which bee foraging and flowering plant reproduction overlap. While bee phenology is known to shift due to interannual climatic variation and experimental temperature manipu

Abstract Variations in tree water sources are important to understand in semi‐arid ecosystems because climatic shifts towards lower snowpack and increased drought affect water availability in subalpine forests of the western US. Here, we use daily in situ measurements of stable isotopes ( 2 H 18 O)

Natural populations are composed of individuals that vary in their morphological traits, timing and interactions. The distribution of a trait can be described by several dimensions, or mathematical moments-mean, variance, skew and kurtosis. Shifts in the distribution of a trait across these moments

Polyphenisms occur when phenotypic plasticity produces morphologically distinct phenotypes from the same genotype. Plasticity is maintained through fitness trade-offs which are conferred to different phenotypes under specific environmental contexts. Predicting the impacts of contemporary climate cha