1. Animal site fidelity structures space-use, population demography, and ultimately gene flow. Understanding the adaptive selection for site fidelity patterns provides a mechanistic understanding to both spatial and population processes. This can be achieved by linking space-use with environmental v

The cumulative cost of reproduction hypothesis predicts that reproductive costs accumulate over an individual’s reproductive lifespan. While short-term costs have been extensively explored, the prevalence of cumulative long-term costs and the circumstances under which such costs occur alongside or i

McIntosh. A. R. and Peckarsky, B. L. 1999. Criteria determining behavioural responses to multiple predators by a stream mayfly - Oikos 85: 554-564. We investigated prey responses to multiple predators by observing drift and positioning of Buetis bicuudctrus (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) nymphs in the pr

Cheek-marking in yellow-bellied marmots (Marmota flaviventris) was studied by observations of cheek-marking in two colonies from 10 June to 6 August, 1996 and by experimental studies of responses to olfactory secretions from the perioral gland. The rate of cheek-marking declined significantly as the

Whenever individuals live in stable social groups and not all individuals breed, group members may breed cooperatively. While well-documented in a variety of birds and mammals, there is some controversy over whether, and to what degree, sciurid rodents breed cooperatively. We identify cooperative br

The 14 species of marmots ( it Marmotd /it ) can be placed in one of four social systems: solitary; female kin matriline; adult male with two females and immature offspring; and a family group consisting of a territorial pair, subordinate adults, and immature offspring. Body size and hibernation are