Though rarely experimentally tested, biotic interactions have long been hypothesized to limit low-elevation range boundaries of species. We tested the effects of herbivory on three alpine-restricted plant species by transplanting plants below (novel), at the edge (limit), or in the center (core) of

Though rarely experimentally tested, biotic interactions have long been hypothesized to limit low-elevation range boundaries of species. We tested the effects of herbivory on three alpine-restricted plant species by transplanting plants below (novel), at the edge (limit), or in the center (core) of

Though rarely experimentally tested, biotic interactions have long been hypothesized to limit low-elevation range boundaries of species. We tested the effects of herbivory on three alpine-restricted plant species by transplanting plants below (novel), at the edge (limit), or in the center (core) of

Though rarely experimentally tested, biotic interactions have long been hypothesized to limit low-elevation range boundaries of species. We tested the effects of herbivory on three alpine-restricted plant species by transplanting plants below (novel), at the edge (limit), or in the center (core) of

SummaryIncreasing urbanization and recreational activities around and within biodiversity hotspots require an understanding of how to reduce the impacts of human disturbance on more than a single species; however, we lack a general framework to study multiple species. One approach is to expand on kn

In order to compare avian diversity (species richness and evenness) between aspen and conifer forest communities in Gothic, Colorado, point counts were conducted in three replicates of each habitat type. Additionally, tree density and light measurements were performed as a measure of structural comp

The Red-naped sapsucker creates a nest cavity in aspen woodlands each year, required by other bird spp. for nesting, and spends much of its foraging time in willow wetlands. This study attempted to determine a) how does proximity of potential nest trees to forest edge and willows affect the sapsucke

Abstract Floral phenotypes may be as much the result of selection for avoidance of some animal visitors as selection for improving the interaction with better pollinators. When specializing on hummingbird-pollination, Penstemon flowers may have evolved to improve the morphological fit between bird a

AbstractWe studied two components of predator risk assessment in birds. While many species are limited to seeking safety under cover or under ground, some birds can fly away from their predators and escape to trees. If birds in fact ‘feel’ safer (e.g. perceive less risk) in trees, we would expect th

The Environmental Focus Group was asked to provide an opinion on the potential of ski area expansion onto Snodgrass Mountain. We considered the following potential environmental impacts, which were identified in environmental assessments of previous proposals: > > > > Use of East River water for sno

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ungulate herbivory (clipped, unclipped) and nutrient variation (ambient, water added, fertilizer and water added) on conspecific and heterospecific pollen receipt to Ipomopsis aggregata. I found that both clipping and adding nutrients influ

An earthflow that occurred in Gunnison County, Colorado created a natural laboratory to study plant succession. Plant succession and ants can effect the soil composition of grounds left bare and depleted of organic matter by the landslide. This study was conducted to examine if the described success