Protocols

Field capture of wild bumblebees followed by temporary immobilization through cold-induced chill coma to enable precise measurement of tongue length and body size. Individuals are released unharmed af...

Standardized wet sieving method using Yoder device to determine soil aggregate size distributions. Measures water-stable aggregates across multiple size classes to assess soil structure.

Plant cover measured using 1 m² quadrats divided into 1 dm² cells, counting filled cells to nearest 0.25 dm². Height measured to maximum plant extension. Volume calculated as cover × height/10.