Protocols

Microscopic assessment of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal colonization and other fungal colonization of plant roots using crosshair intercept method and grid line-intercept method for soil fungi.

Surface sterilization of plant tissues followed by DNA extraction and high-throughput sequencing of the ITS region to characterize fungal endophyte communities. Community composition and diversity met...

Calculation of multiple phylogenetic diversity metrics for plant communities using established phylogenetic trees and null model approaches to test for phylogenetic clustering or overdispersion.

Nested sampling design to construct species-area relationships across multiple spatial scales by subdividing plots into equal-area quadrats and averaging species counts across equivalent areas.

Extraction of environmental variables from spatial data platform using zonal functions to calculate average climate values within tree polygon boundaries. Integrates snowpack, temperature, and topogra...

Method for extracting and analyzing historical herbarium specimen data to reconstruct the life and career patterns of past collectors, including temporal and spatial analysis of collecting activities.