Concepts

Global temperature increase and associated changes in precipitation patterns and extreme weather affecting ecosystems worldwide

Fresh weight minus dry weight divided by dry weight

CO2 efflux from soils to atmosphere representing combination of autotrophic respiration (root respiration) and heterotrophic respiration (microbial decomposition)

Limitations on activity imposed by temperature and radiation conditions

Net production of plant biomass above ground surface measured as standing crop minus losses to herbivores

Mechanisms by which organic carbon is protected from decomposition in soils through physical, chemical, and biological processes

The microbiome's ability to extract energy from dietary sources

Temporal variation in environmental conditions measured as standard deviation of temperature and vegetation indices

How tree growth and biomass allocation patterns change based on local neighborhood tree density and competition

Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, derived from satellite imagery to estimate vegetation greenness and photosynthetic activity

Light absorption and reflection properties of tissues that vary with chemical composition and structure

Population size or density of individual species within a habitat

Computational approach to calculate radiation fluxes through the atmosphere under specified atmospheric conditions

Measure of soil acidity/alkalinity that may influence plant phenotype expression

The relative proportions of essential macronutrients (proteins, lipids, carbohydrates) in pollen samples

Raster representation of terrain elevation used to derive topographic attributes like slope and aspect