Incidence of parasitism by sapygid wasps on species of Osmia using different types of pollen, based on trapnests established at multiple field sites between 2008 and 2015. Please consult the ReadMe file for details.

Many specialist herbivores eat foods that are apparently "low-quality". The compensatory benefits of a poor diet may include protection from natural enemies. Several bee lineages specialize on pollen of the plant family Asteraceae, which is known to be a poor-quality food. Here we tested the hypothe