We use metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) to understand single-carbon (C1) compound-cycling-particularly methane-cycling-microorganisms in montane riparian floodplain sediments. We generated 1,233 MAGs (>50% completeness and n = 57). Methanogens, found only in deep, anoxic depths at SR, originate f

Nonconsumptive effects of predators can have knock-on effects on prey fitness, life history and population dynamics. However, the origin of cues stimulating predator avoidance behaviour and the mechanisms underlying prey responses need further investigation. Previous studies revealed that nonconsump

Disruptions to functionally important symbionts with global change will negatively impact plant fitness, with broader consequences for species' abundances, distribution, and community composition. Fungal endophytes that live inside plant leaves and roots could potentially mitigate plant heat stress

While many studies document specific human impacts on the behaviour and physiological responses of wildlife to humans

Abstract We investigated nest-hole excavation by the Red-naped Sapsucker (Syphrapicus nuchalis) in aspen (Populus tremuloides) woodlands in western Colorado. Sapsuckers excavate nest cavities primarily in aspens infected with a heartwood rot fungus (Phellinus tremulae), which softens the heartwood o

Introductions of novel plant species can disturb the historical resource environment of herbivorous insects, resulting in strong selection to either adopt or exclude the novel host. However, an adaptive response depends on heritable genetic variation for preference or performance within the targeted

Abstract: A pilot biochemical reactor (BCR) was designed and constructed to treat mine-influenced water emanating from an adit at a remote site in southern Colorado which receives an average of 400 inches (10.2 m) of snowfall each season. The objective of the study is to operate and monitor a BCR on

Patterns of egg distribution and survivorship were examined for six generations of a univoltine population of the pierid butterfly Colias alexandra, finding that among clumped individuals, survivorship is two times greater for the first or previously-laid individual than the second or subsequently-

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of circulating catecholamines and light on the daily melatonin rhythm in the marmot. Endogenous levels of circulating catecholamines and plasma melatonin were measured during arousal from hibernation in light and stuthes were performed on the circad

AbstractFor short‐lived species, selection for early reproduction should be strong, yet females often delay their first reproductive bout. Delay in age of first reproduction due to developmental constraints, such as food availability, or social constraints, such as the inhibitory presence of breedin

The nonlinearity and fear hypothesis predicts that the structure of alarm vocalizations will be influenced by the signaller's internal state. Specifically, stressed or otherwise more aroused individuals will produce alarm calls that are relatively more nonlinear (i.e. they sound noisier). The positi

Nineteen species of noncrustose lichens were found on juniper bark. Of these, three species had relatively high cover and frequency values and were characterized as typical lichens of Rocky Mountain junipers: Xanthoria fallax, Phaeophyscia hirsuta and Physcia caesia. Total cover per tree was low (4%

AbstractThis article examines the effect of recreational cannabis dispensary sales on traffic crashes by employing difference‐in‐differences model that exploits the variation in the timing of recreational marijuana dispensary entry across counties within Colorado. Using marijuana‐related hospital di

There have been reports of butterflies that oviposit on non-native plants that do not support the development of the larvae, and the fitness cost of this behavior has been estimated in one such case. However, the long-term consequences of this fitness cost for the population dynamics of such butterf

Global environmental changes induced by human activities are forcing organisms to respond at an unprecedented pace. At present we have only a limited understanding of why some species possess the capacity to respond to these changes while others do not. We introduce the concept of multidimensional p

Mazzettiite, ideally Ag3HgPbSbTe5, is a new mineral species from Findley Gulch, Saguache County, Colorado. It occurs as anhedral to subhedral grains up to 200 m across, closely associated with altaite together with galena in a gangue of quartz. Mazzettiite is opaque with a metallic luster and a blac

In eusocial insects, chemical communication is crucial for mediating many aspects of social activities, especially the regulation of reproduction. Though queen signals are known to decrease ovarian activation of workers in highly eusocial species, little is known about their evolution. In contrast,