It is found that plant traits had little effect on damage and pollination, but damage andpollination affected plant traits in both the treatment year and the subsequent year, and evidence of indirect effects between leaf herbivores and pollinators in both directions has not been previously demonstra

Abstract Rapid environmental change can decouple previously reliable cues from important resources, causing specialized recognition systems to result in maladaptive behaviors. For native herbivorous insects, such evolutionary traps are often imposed by attractive invasive plants that prove harmful t

Shigeru Albert AE, Comparative Studies of Developmental Rates, Hibernation, and Food Plants in North American Colias (Lepidoptera, Pieridae), The American Midland Naturalist, Vol. 60, No. 1 (Jul., 1958), pp. 84-96

The effects of an accidentally introduced beetle Brachypterolus pulicarius on the growth and reproduction of its host, the invasive plant Linaria vulgaris, growing under field conditions across multiple years and sites in western Colorado, USA are studied.

Structural geology in the Crested Butte Quadrangle is more complex than previously reported. Outcrop relationships previously explained as unconformities are the result of large faults at Hunter's Hill and in Slate River valley. The following lithologic assemblages are recognized in the Absarokan ro

Aspen forests are one of the most dynamic forest types in western North America, responding to chronic factors of competition for resources, as well as episodes of intense herbivory, drought, and fires. The interactions of these driving factors lead to varying age structures of aspen across landscap

AbstractPremiseGenetic variation influences the potential for evolution to rescue populations from impacts of environmental change. Most studies of genetic variation in fitness‐related traits focus on either vegetative or floral traits, with few on floral scent. How vegetative and floral traits comp

Climate change is affecting interactions among species, including host-parasite interactions. The effects of warming are of particular interest for interactions in which parasite and host physiology are intertwined, such as those between parasitic plants and their hosts. However, little is known abo

The fact that residual nectar exists is consistent with predictions of optimal foraging theory but more detailed work is necessary before it can be concluded that the volumes left behind in A. columbianum flowers are optimal.

Identifying, protecting, and restoring habitats for declining wildlife populations is foundational to conservation and recovery planning for any species at risk of decline. Resource selection analysis is a key tool to assess habitat and prescribe management actions. Yet, it can be challenging to map

Climate change is affecting species and their mutualists and can lead to the weakening or loss of important interspecific interactions. Through independent shifts in partner phenology and distribution, climatic stress can separate mutualists temporally or spatially, leading to alterations in partner

W. B. Watt, C. Kremen, P. Carter, Testing the `Mimicry' Explanation for the Colias `alba' Polymorphism: Patterns of Co-Occurrence of Colias and Pierine Butterflies, Functional Ecology, Vol. 3, No. 2 (1989), pp. 193-199

Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that, in these pollen-rewarding species, pollen secondary chemistry may reflect the need to attract and reward pollinators more than the need to defend pollen from herbivory.

The Monarch Valley, in Grand County, Colorado, on the western slope of the Front Range, was studied to determine evidence of glacial advances other than the two generally recognized on the eastern slope of the range. Greater extent of the Pleistocene ice on the western than on the eastern slope nece

I assessed the genetic differentiation of populations of Weidemeyer's admiral butterfly (Limenitis weidemeyerii) in central and eastern Colorado by using starch-gel electrophoresis. Wright's F-statistics indicated that there was significant differentiation, both within and between years, among the s

Climate-driven species range shifts and expansions are changing community composition, yet the functional consequences in natural systems are mostly unknown. By combining a 30-year survey of subalpine pond larval caddisfly assemblages with species-specific functional traits (nitrogen and phosphorus

Background. Understanding the underlying factors that determine the relative abun- dance of plant species is critical to predict both biodiversity and ecosystem function. Biotic and abiotic factors can shape the distribution and the relative abundance of species across natural communities, greatly i