This work addressed if and how yellow-bellied marmot, Marmota flaviventris, alarm-calling behaviour was influenced by the presence or absence of both descendent and nondescendent kin, by using total r as a measure of the opportunity for kin selection.

Abstract Oviposition and diapause behavior were compared among populations of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), from six locations in 1994 and 1995. Locations ranged from Winnipeg, Manitoba (49° 49′ N), to Rosemount in east central Minnesota (44° 44′ N). Newly emerged first su

After maintaining elevations near sea level for over 500 million years, the Colorado Plateau (CP) has a present average elevation of 2 km. We compute new receiver function images from the first dense seismic transect to cross the plateau that reveal a central CP crustal thickness of 42–50 km thinnin

In August 2009, President Barack Obama traveled to Grand Junction, Colorado, touting that community's health care system as a model for the provision of low-cost, high-quality care. According to the Dartmouth Atlas of Health Care, average per capita Medicare spending in Grand Junction was $6,599 in

A year-round study was conducted in the Colorado River, USA, to examine microdistributions and feeding habits of the filter-feeding Trichoptera (caddisflies) em Arctopsyche grandis /em , em Brachycentrus occidentalis /em and em Hydropsyche cockerelli /em . Only one significant relationship was found

AbstractDams have reduced distribution of the endangered Colorado pikeminnow Ptychocheilus lucius in the upper Colorado River basin: low‐head diversion dams blocked upstream passage and large dams inundated free‐flowing segments and cooled downstream reaches with deep‐water releases. To date, range

The fate of natural populations is mediated by complex interactions among vital rates, which can vary within and among years. Although the effects of random, among-year variation in vital rates have been studied extensively, relatively little is known about how periodic, nonrandom variation in vital

Nectar robbers are often assumed to be plant antagonists; however, empirical data show that the impacts of these animals range from negative to positive depending on the system and ecological conditions. We experimentally evaluated the combined effects of nectar robbing and ant visitation on three i

PHYSIOLOGIcAL homeostasis is maintained with energy that a bird must extract from its environment. Effective investment of the bird's time in exchange for the necessary energy must be the objective of maintenance strategy. If the rate of intake is less than the metabolic rate over a period of time,

Abstract Water is a critical resource that causes significant challenges to inhabitants of the western United States. These challenges are likely to intensify as the result of expanding population and climate-related changes that act to reduce runoff in areas of complex terrain. To better understand

In Frasera speciosa , a long‐lived monocarpic gentian from the Colorado Rocky Mountains, leaves are preformed two to three yr in advance of their appearance above ground. Initiation of a flower stalk may begin as long as three yr before it becomes fully developed during a plant's final year. Whorls

The evolution of flowering phenology has most often been examined in light of one set of organisms, namely pollinators. However, the patterns of flowering phenology observed in nature are likely to reflect evolutionary compromises in response to a variety of selective forces. Two of the most importa

The range of Opuntia imbricata (Haw.) DC., together with data from 250 weather stations, was mapped revealing that the cactus is essentially confined to a region receiving 28 to 48 cm annual precipitation and experiencing mean January temperatures above --1'C. The distribution of the cactus was quan

Growth and adult survival rates were estimated for the endangered Colorado squawfish Ptychocheilus lucius inhabiting the upper Colorado River by using data from fish captured during 1990–1995. Mean annual growth rates of fish aged 3–6 years ranged from 32.2 (age 6) to 82.0 (age 3) mm/year. Growth ra

Over the past two decades, thermochronological studies have greatlyincreased our knowledge of the Cenozoic evolution of the Colorado Plateau(western United States). There has been particular interest in the southwesternpart of the plateau, leading to debate regarding the timing of uplift andfluvial