Impacts of Historical Hydroperiod on Bird Predation of Emergent Aquatic Insects
Abstract
As global climate changes ephemeral freshwater systems face changes in historical hydroperiod with a shift towards shorter wet periods. Vernal ponds are one such type of lentic ephemeral system; in general they are relatively small and shallow, which causes them to dry in late spring or early summer. Their size allows vernal ponds to have a close connection with the terrestrial environment adjacent to them, and changes in their hydroperiod could have effects on both the species, which inhabit the ponds. Emergent aquatic insects are an important food source for terrestrial birds and shifts in hydroperiod may affect the availability of this resource. The present study investigates how birds in the Mexican Cut Nature Preserve interact with ponds of different hydroperiods. There were a greater number of bird observations at permanent ponds than at temporary ponds (Linear mixed effects model, p<0.001, F = 68.82). Permanent ponds are more diverse and consistent systems, which may attract birds to them. More research is required to understand how birds interact with aquatic systems to better aid in conservation efforts in the future.
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