Concepts

The concept that organisms face competing demands for limited resources during development that create trade-offs between different fitness components

Selection where individual fitness depends on the local frequency rather than global frequency, creating population structure with groups varying in genetic and phenotypic composition

Changes in population size and structure over time driven by vital rates and environmental factors

effects of behavioral or life history decisions on individual reproductive success and survival

The spatial arrangement and connectivity of subpopulations across a landscape that influences local population dynamics

Animals adopt a foraging strategy that provides the most benefit (energy) for the lowest cost

Correlations between multiple repeatable, individually distinct behaviors that form consistent behavioral patterns across situations

Theory suggesting that offspring sex ratios might vary according to maternal condition, hence females should vary the sex of their offspring according to their ability to physically invest in their of...

Theory that animals distribute themselves among habitat patches in proportion to resource availability, with high-quality patches becoming occupied first and animals moving to lower-quality patches as...

Some environments will be resource rich and produce a high amount of offspring (sources) while other environments will be resource low and produce a low amount of offspring (sinks)

A principle stating that allele and genotype frequencies remain constant in a population under certain conditions

The distribution of limited resources among competing physiological functions such as growth, reproduction, and defense

Population response where decreases in fitness due to other factors are offset by increases in another demographic parameter

The idea that individuals of different age-sex categories contribute differently to social structure and cohesion

Theoretical framework suggesting that upstream flight of stream insect adults is necessary to maintain larval populations in upstream reaches that might otherwise be depleted by downstream drift of la...

The ecological principle that removing individuals may not reduce population size if sampling removes individuals that would have died anyway

The hypothesis that reproductive costs accumulate over an individual's reproductive life span, with long-term costs occurring alongside or instead of short-term costs

A phenomenon where paedomorphic salamanders are more successful at cannibalizing smaller larvae than metamorphs in ponds with high numbers of paedomorphs

The hypothesis that energy budgets rather than time budgets constrain marmot activity patterns

Analysis of whether population equilibria are locally stable or unstable based on eigenvalues of the Jacobian matrix

Allocation decisions between current growth and accelerated development that affect adult fitness

The tendency for similar individuals to associate and form ties, thus limiting their social worlds and altering the information they receive and the interactions they experience

A theoretical view operating on the premise that each person has a specific status or position within society, with different levels of socioeconomic status having different challenges with leisure co...

The influence of early life environment on later life history decisions

Theory predicting that parents should allocate investment amongst their progeny according to an optimum at which their own (i.e., the parents') fitness is maximized

Hypothesis positing that a series of behavioural and physiological axes of variation correlates with the individual slow-fast continuum

The conflicting pressures parent birds face between maintaining optimal nest conditions and foraging to meet metabolic needs

Theoretical framework predicting when parents will abandon offspring based on costs and benefits of continued care versus seeking additional mating opportunities

Model assuming limited number of sites suitable for germination and recruitment with only one juvenile per safe site