space use
Way in which individuals distribute themselves across landscape, including movement patterns and spatial organization like home range size and overlap
nonpoint source pollution density
aspect
digital elevation model
Raster representation of terrain elevation used to derive topographic attributes like slope and aspect
matrix resistance
The relative difficulty of movement through different types of non-habitat matrix surrounding habitat patches
proximity to stream
vegetation structure
The physical arrangement and composition of vegetation including coverage of different plant types, heights, and density
distance from Festuca
distance from water
Spatial measurement of proximity to water sources as habitat variable
dividing line
floodplain scale
glacier length
mean slope
ruggedness metric
soundscape
The complete acoustic environment consisting of biotic and abiotic sounds
starting zone aspect
topographic covariates
Landscape variables including elevation, slope, aspect, and wetness indices that influence tree growth
topographic curvature
Second-order derivative of elevation used as proxy for convergent vs divergent topography affecting soil accumulation