Concepts

Three key early life history fitness components: germination success, probability of survival of seedlings, and time until mortality for seedlings

The duration flowers persist on plants, typically 4-5 days for Corydalis caseana

A common method used to measure a rodent's perception of potential gain versus cost in foraging decisions

The duration a pollinator spends foraging on each flower, calculated by dividing total foraging bout duration by number of flowers visited

The degree to which wildlife populations are subjected to potential harvest mortality based on spatial overlap with legal hunting areas and temporal overlap with hunting seasons

Abundance and biomass of herbivorous insects, expected to decrease at higher elevations due to temperature constraints

Duration that an animal remains concealed in a refuge after fleeing from a predator threat

successful manipulation of puzzle box to obtain food reward by opening either lid or door

Total dry weight of insects captured, used as proxy for abundance and population size

Density of fresh pika scat piles used as an index of relative population density

Survival and performance of transplanted vegetation measured years after initial establishment

The timing of male bee emergence relative to females, used as an indicator of social breeding strategy and brood structure.

Peak metabolic rate and total energy expenditure during forced flight as measures of dispersal ability

Substrate that females use for nest construction (comb-building cavity, preexisting/constructed hole, constructed cell, soil)

The acceptability of food items based on taste, texture, and chemical composition

The proportion of time an individual spent interacting with the puzzle box during a trial

number of behaviors directed at test apparatus

Non-vigilant behaviors including foraging, preening, walking, and singing

The relative amount of available carbon that has been allocated to reproductive tissues, calculated as the ratio of carbon allocated to reproductive tissues versus total available carbon

Individual differences in accessing and utilizing resources such as perches that provide enhanced visibility for predator detection

The number of active sap wells created by sapsuckers per unit area

The flux of energy through a stream invertebrate by altering individual life-history and development patterns

The social standing or class of an individual or group, often measured as a combination of education, income and occupation

measure of which individuals share critical resources of burrow sites and foraging areas

The ending notes of bird songs that may carry information about singer motivation and condition

Head up while sitting or walking, or sitting upright on haunches and surveying surroundings

Mathematical relationship between fish weight and length represented by the improved model W(L)=1000(L/L1)^b

Survival rates of juvenile salamanders in their first year of life