Concepts

Behavioral interactions between marmots and other species sharing their habitat

The process by which macroinvertebrates establish populations on new substrate

Building of elevated nest structures from organic materials, excavated soil, and debris by social insects

Decrease in sugar concentrations within nectar, providing less nutritional benefit to pollinators

Attack by parasitoid species that use lycaenid larvae as hosts for their development

Selection pressure imposed by predators that may favor optimal body sizes for escape ability

Bear predation on ant colonies and subsequent colony recovery dynamics

Ecological succession on substrate that cannot easily be colonized by vascular plants, where lichens serve as primary successors

Competitive advantage afforded to early discoverers that arrive at and modify a resource first

A flow of fixed energy between two different ecosystems, including both passive flows (leaf litter, terrestrial invertebrate inputs) and direct flows (energy that goes directly from source to consumer...

Feeding on sap from wells drilled by sapsuckers, practiced by at least 40 species including warblers, hummingbirds, chipmunks, and insects

Transfer of energy, materials, or organisms across habitat boundaries that affects recipient communities

The movement of the pars stridens on the plectra, causing pulses of sound

Plant traits modify the functional response parameters and distinguish among non-mutually exclusive effects of plant genotype

Indirect effects of ant nutrition on aphid populations and natural enemy abundance mediated through changes in ant behavior