Concepts

Earlier spring arrival of aphids on host plants before ants are active, disrupting temporal overlap between mutualistic partners

Remnant of previous day's mixed layer that persists aloft after surface cooling and formation of stable nocturnal boundary layer

Periods when remote ecosystems become inaccessible due to winter conditions like snow and ice cover

Differential responses between sexes to environmental variation potentially creating imbalance in the frequency of males and females

Unexpected or sudden changes over time in time series, representing shifts in temporal patterns of meteorological variables

Increases in summer temperature over time periods relevant to vegetation monitoring studies

Directional changes in plant community composition, abundance, and structure in tundra ecosystems over time

The elevation at which temperature is at zero degrees Celsius (freezing point), which is moving to higher elevations due to climate change