Concepts

Oxygen-containing reactive molecules with considerable environmental importance due to their high reactivity in mediating redox transformations

The accumulation of substances like sodium in organisms through their food chain, allowing carnivores to obtain adequate salt from prey

The transfer of CO2 from water to atmosphere through gas exchange at the air-water interface

Distribution of carbon between different reservoirs including atmosphere, subsurface, and exported dissolved phases during weathering processes

The downstream transport and repeated cycling of nutrients through uptake and release in stream ecosystems

The removal of phosphorus from the water column by organisms for metabolic processes

Use of plants to remove contaminants from soil

Changes in rock porosity and permeability due to mineral dissolution and precipitation reactions during weathering

The reducing or oxidizing capacity of a system that determines a river or floodplain's ability to break down waste products and recycle carbon and nutrients

Different photosynthetic pathways in plants that produce distinct carbon isotope signatures

Abiotic chemical reaction where Fe(II) reacts with hydrogen peroxide to produce hydroxyl radicals capable of oxidizing organic matter

Acidification of surface waters due to atmospheric acid deposition from anthropogenic sources

Secondary aerobic treatment using wetland plants to further reduce BOD, nutrients, and remaining contaminants from biochemical reactor effluent

Essential and nonessential amino acid needs for bee development, particularly focusing on requirements outlined for honeybees

Protection of organic carbon upon burial under anaerobic conditions through kinetic and thermodynamic constraints on microbial activity that can limit depolymerization and respiration of organic compo...

Anaerobic biological treatment using organic substrate and bacteria to reduce sulfate and precipitate metals from acid mine drainage

Disturbance of sedimentary deposits by living organisms, in this case soil mixing by ant tunneling activities

Accumulated shortage of carbon resources in plants that can influence future phenological timing

The proportion of carbon taken up by microorganisms that is converted to biomass rather than respired as CO2

Complete ammonia-oxidizing bacteria capable of carrying out both ammonia oxidation to nitrite and nitrite oxidation to nitrate steps

Predictable linear mixing behavior of chemical constituents between two water sources without reaction or loss